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ContentsContents
Virtualization Guide
  1. About This Manual
  2. I Introduction
    1. 1 Virtualization Technology
    2. 2 Introduction to Xen Virtualization
    3. 3 Introduction to KVM Virtualization
    4. 4 Introduction to Linux Containers
    5. 5 Virtualization Tools
    6. 6 Installation of Virtualization Components
    7. 7 Supported Guests, Hosts and Features
  3. II Managing Virtual Machines with libvirt
    1. 8 Starting and Stopping libvirtd
    2. 9 Guest Installation
    3. 10 Basic VM Guest Management
    4. 11 Connecting and Authorizing
    5. 12 Managing Storage
    6. 13 Managing Networks
    7. 14 Configuring Virtual Machines with Virtual Machine Manager
    8. 15 Configuring Virtual Machines with virsh
  4. III Hypervisor-Independent Features
    1. 16 Disk Cache Modes
    2. 17 VM Guest Clock Settings
    3. 18 libguestfs
  5. IV Managing Virtual Machines with Xen
    1. 19 Setting Up a Virtual Machine Host
    2. 20 Virtual Networking
    3. 21 Managing a Virtualization Environment
    4. 22 Block Devices in Xen
    5. 23 Virtualization: Configuration Options and Settings
    6. 24 Administrative Tasks
    7. 25 XenStore: Configuration Database Shared between Domains
    8. 26 Xen as a High-Availability Virtualization Host
  6. V Managing Virtual Machines with QEMU
    1. 27 QEMU Overview
    2. 28 Setting Up a KVM VM Host Server
    3. 29 Guest Installation
    4. 30 Running Virtual Machines with qemu-system-ARCH
    5. 31 Virtual Machine Administration Using QEMU Monitor
  7. VI Managing Virtual Machines with LXC
    1. 32 Linux Containers
    2. 33 Migration from LXC to libvirt-lxc
  8. Glossary
  9. A Virtual Machine Drivers
  10. B Appendix
  11. C XM, XL Toolstacks and Libvirt framework
  12. D GNU-Lizenzen
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SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1

Virtualization Guide

Describes virtualization technology in general, and introduces libvirt—the unified interface to virtualization—and detailed information on specific hypervisors.

Publication Date: November 16, 2021
About This Manual
Verfügbare Dokumentation
Rückmeldungen
Konventionen in der Dokumentation
I Introduction
1 Virtualization Technology
1.1 Overview
1.2 Virtualization Capabilities
1.3 Virtualization Benefits
1.4 Virtualization Modes
1.5 I/O Virtualization
2 Introduction to Xen Virtualization
2.1 Basic Components
2.2 Xen Virtualization Architecture
3 Introduction to KVM Virtualization
3.1 Basic Components
3.2 KVM Virtualization Architecture
4 Introduction to Linux Containers
5 Virtualization Tools
5.1 Virtualization Console Tools
5.2 Virtualization GUI Tools
6 Installation of Virtualization Components
6.1 Installing KVM
6.2 Installing Xen
6.3 Installing Containers
6.4 Patterns
6.5 Installing UEFI Support
7 Supported Guests, Hosts and Features
7.1 Supported VM Guests
7.2 Supported VM Host Servers for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1 VM Guests
7.3 KVM Hardware Requirements
7.4 Feature Support
II Managing Virtual Machines with libvirt
8 Starting and Stopping libvirtd
9 Guest Installation
9.1 GUI-Based Guest Installation
9.2 Installing from the Command Line with virt-install
9.3 Advanced Guest Installation Scenarios
10 Basic VM Guest Management
10.1 Listing VM Guests
10.2 Accessing the VM Guest via Console
10.3 Changing a VM Guest's State: Start, Stop, Pause
10.4 Saving and Restoring the State of a VM Guest
10.5 Creating and Managing Snapshots
10.6 Deleting a VM Guest
10.7 Migrating VM Guests
10.8 Monitoring
11 Connecting and Authorizing
11.1 Authentication
11.2 Connecting to a VM Host Server
11.3 Configuring Remote Connections
12 Managing Storage
12.1 Managing Storage with Virtual Machine Manager
12.2 Managing Storage with virsh
12.3 Locking Disk Files and Block Devices with virtlockd
12.4 Online Resizing of Guest Block Devices
12.5 Sharing Directories between Host and Guests (File System Pass-Through)
12.6 Using RADOS Block Devices with libvirt
13 Managing Networks
13.1 Virtual Networks
13.2 Bridged Networking
14 Configuring Virtual Machines with Virtual Machine Manager
14.1 Machine Setup
14.2 Storage
14.3 Controllers
14.4 Networking
14.5 Input Devices
14.6 Video
14.7 USB Redirectors
14.8 Miscellaneous
14.9 Adding a CD/DVD-ROM Device with Virtual Machine Manager
14.10 Adding a Floppy Device with Virtual Machine Manager
14.11 Ejecting and Changing Floppy or CD/DVD-ROM Media with Virtual Machine Manager
14.12 Assigning a Host PCI Device to a VM Guest
14.13 Assigning a Host USB Device to a VM Guest
15 Configuring Virtual Machines with virsh
15.1 Editing the VM Configuration
15.2 Changing the Machine Type
15.3 Configuring CPU Allocation
15.4 Changing Boot Options
15.5 Configuring Memory Allocation
15.6 Adding a PCI Device
15.7 Adding a USB Device
15.8 Adding SR-IOV Devices
15.9 Configuring Storage Devices
15.10 Configuring Video Devices
15.11 Using Macvtap to Share VM Host Server Network Interfaces
15.12 Disabling a Memory Balloon Device
III Hypervisor-Independent Features
16 Disk Cache Modes
16.1 Disk Interface Cache Modes
16.2 Description of Cache Modes
16.3 Data Integrity Implications of Cache Modes
16.4 Performance Implications of Cache Modes
16.5 Effect of Cache Modes on Live Migration
17 VM Guest Clock Settings
17.1 KVM: Using kvm_clock
17.2 Xen Virtual Machine Clock Settings
18 libguestfs
18.1 VM Guest Manipulation Overview
18.2 Package Installation
18.3 Guestfs Tools
18.4 Troubleshooting
18.5 External References
IV Managing Virtual Machines with Xen
19 Setting Up a Virtual Machine Host
19.1 Best Practices and Suggestions
19.2 Managing Dom0 Memory
19.3 Network Card in Fully Virtualized Guests
19.4 Starting the Virtual Machine Host
19.5 PCI Pass-Through
19.6 USB Pass-Through
20 Virtual Networking
20.1 Network Devices for Guest Systems
20.2 Host-Based Routing in Xen
20.3 Creating a Masqueraded Network Setup
20.4 Special Configurations
21 Managing a Virtualization Environment
21.1 XL—Xen Management Tool
21.2 Automatic Start of Guest Domains
21.3 Event Actions
21.4 Time Stamp Counter
21.5 Saving Virtual Machines
21.6 Restoring Virtual Machines
21.7 Virtual Machine States
22 Block Devices in Xen
22.1 Mapping Physical Storage to Virtual Disks
22.2 Mapping Network Storage to Virtual Disk
22.3 File-Backed Virtual Disks and Loopback Devices
22.4 Resizing Block Devices
22.5 Scripts for Managing Advanced Storage Scenarios
23 Virtualization: Configuration Options and Settings
23.1 Virtual CD Readers
23.2 Remote Access Methods
23.3 VNC Viewer
23.4 Virtual Keyboards
23.5 Dedicating CPU Resources
23.6 HVM Features
24 Administrative Tasks
24.1 The Boot Loader Program
24.2 Sparse Image Files and Disk Space
24.3 Migrating Xen VM Guest Systems
24.4 Monitoring Xen
24.5 Providing Host Information for VM Guest Systems
25 XenStore: Configuration Database Shared between Domains
25.1 Introduction
25.2 File System Interface
26 Xen as a High-Availability Virtualization Host
26.1 Xen HA with Remote Storage
26.2 Xen HA with Local Storage
26.3 Xen HA and Private Bridges
V Managing Virtual Machines with QEMU
27 QEMU Overview
28 Setting Up a KVM VM Host Server
28.1 CPU Support for Virtualization
28.2 Required Software
28.3 KVM Host-Specific Features
29 Guest Installation
29.1 Basic Installation with qemu-system-ARCH
29.2 Managing Disk Images with qemu-img
30 Running Virtual Machines with qemu-system-ARCH
30.1 Basic qemu-system-ARCH Invocation
30.2 General qemu-system-ARCH Options
30.3 Using Devices in QEMU
30.4 Networking in QEMU
30.5 Viewing a VM Guest with VNC
31 Virtual Machine Administration Using QEMU Monitor
31.1 Accessing Monitor Console
31.2 Getting Information about the Guest System
31.3 Changing VNC Password
31.4 Managing Devices
31.5 Controlling Keyboard and Mouse
31.6 Changing Available Memory
31.7 Dumping Virtual Machine Memory
31.8 Managing Virtual Machine Snapshots
31.9 Suspending and Resuming Virtual Machine Execution
31.10 Live Migration
31.11 QMP - QEMU Machine Protocol
VI Managing Virtual Machines with LXC
32 Linux Containers
32.1 Setting Up LXC Distribution Containers
32.2 Setting Up LXC Application Containers
32.3 Securing a Container Using AppArmor
32.4 Differences between the libvirt LXC Driver and LXC
32.5 Sharing Namespaces across Containers
32.6 For More Information
33 Migration from LXC to libvirt-lxc
33.1 Host Migration
33.2 Container Migration
33.3 Starting the Container
Glossary
A Virtual Machine Drivers
B Appendix
B.1 Installing Paravirtualized Drivers
B.2 Generating x509 Client/Server Certificates
C XM, XL Toolstacks and Libvirt framework
C.1 Xen Toolstacks
C.2 Import Xen Domain Configuration into libvirt
C.3 Differences between the xm and xl Applications
C.4 External links
C.5 Saving a Xen Guest Configuration in an xm Compatible Format
D GNU-Lizenzen
D.1 GNU Free Documentation License
List of Figures
2.1 Xen Virtualization Architecture
3.1 KVM Virtualization Architecture
13.1 Connection Details
13.2 Create virtual network
13.3 Create virtual network
13.4 Create virtual network
14.1 Details View of a VM Guest
14.2 Overview details
14.3 VM Guest Title and Description
14.4 Performance
14.5 Statistics Charts
14.6 Processor View
14.7 Memory View
14.8 Boot Options
14.9 Add a New Storage
14.10 Add a New Controller
14.11 Add a New Controller
14.12 Add a New Input Device
14.13 Add a New Video Device
14.14 Add a New USB Redirector
14.15 Adding a PCI Device
14.16 Adding a USB Device
24.1 Boot Loader Settings
28.1 Installing the KVM Hypervisor and Tools
28.2 Network Bridge
29.1 New 2 GB Partition in Guest YaST Partitioner
30.1 QEMU Window with SLES 11 SP3 as VM Guest
30.2 QEMU VNC Session
30.3 Authentication Dialog in Remmina
List of Tables
7.1 Paravirtualized OS Support
7.2 Feature Support—Host (Dom0)
7.3 Feature Support—Paravirtualized Guest
7.4 Feature Support—Fully Virtualized Guest
26.1 Xen Remote Storage
C.1 Notation Conventions
C.2 New Global Options
C.3 Common Options
C.4 Domain Management Removed Options
C.5 USB Devices Management Removed Options
C.6 CPU Management Removed options
C.7 Other Options
C.8 xl create Changed Options
C.9 xm create Removed Options
C.10 xl create Added Options
C.11 xl console Added Options
C.12 xm info Removed Options
C.13 xm dump-core Removed Options
C.14 xm list Removed Options
C.15 xl list Added Options
C.16 xl mem-* Changed Options
C.17 xm migrate Removed Options
C.18 xl migrate Added Options
C.19 xm reboot Removed Options
C.20 xl reboot Added Options
C.21 xl save Added Options
C.22 xl restore Added Options
C.23 xm shutdown Removed Options
C.24 xl shutdown Added Options
C.25 xl trigger Changed Options
C.26 xm sched-credit Removed Options
C.27 xl sched-credit Added Options
C.28 xm sched-credit2 Removed Options
C.29 xl sched-credit2 Added Options
C.30 xm sched-sedf Removed Options
C.31 xl sched-sedf Added Options
C.32 xm cpupool-list Removed Options
C.33 xm cpupool-create Removed Options
C.34 xl pci-detach Added Options
C.35 xm block-list Removed Options
C.36 Other Options
C.37 Network Options
C.38 xl network-attach Removed Options
C.39 New Options
List of Examples
9.1 Loading Kernel and Initrd from HTTP Server
9.2 Example of a virt-install command line
10.1 Typical Output of kvm_stat
13.1 NAT Based Network
13.2 Routed Network
13.3 Isolated Network
13.4 Using an Existing Bridge on VM Host Server
15.1 Example XML Configuration file
21.1 Guest Domain Configuration File for SLED 12: /etc/xen/sled12.cfg
28.1 Exporting Host's File System with VirtFS
30.1 Restricted User-mode Networking
30.2 User-mode Networking with Custom IP Range
30.3 User-mode Networking with Network-boot and TFTP
30.4 User-mode Networking with Host Port Forwarding
30.5 Password Authentication
30.6 x509 Certificate Authentication
30.7 x509 Certificate and Password Authentication
30.8 SASL Authentication
C.1 Converting Xen Domain Configuration to libvirt

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