4 Configuration and Installation Options #
This section contains configuration examples for services, registration, user and group management, upgrades, partitioning, configuration management, SSH key management, firewall configuration, and other installation options.
This chapter introduces important parts of a control file for standard purposes. To learn about other available options, use the configuration management system.
Note that for some configuration options to work, additional packages need to be installed, depending on the software selection you have configured. If you choose to install a minimal system then some packages might be missing and need to be added to the individual package selection.
YaST will install packages required in the second phase of the
installation and before the post-installation phase of AutoYaST has
started. However, if necessary YaST modules are not available in the
system, important configuration steps will be skipped. For example, no
security settings will be configured if
yast2-security is not
installed.
4.1 General Options #
The general section includes all settings that influence the installation workflow. The overall structure of this section looks like the following:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE profile> <profile xmlns="http://www.suse.com/1.0/yast2ns" xmlns:config="http://www.suse.com/1.0/configns"> <general> <ask-list>1 ... </ask-list> <cio_ignore>2 ... </cio_ignore> <mode>3 ... </mode> <proposals>4 ... </proposals> <self_update>5 ... </self_update> <self_update_url> ... </self_update_url> <semi-automatic config:type="list">6 ... </semi-automatic> <signature-handling>7 ... </signature-handling> <storage>8 ... </storage> <wait>9 ... </wait> </general> <profile>
4.1.1 The Mode Section #
The mode section configures the behavior of AutoYaST with regard to user
confirmations and rebooting. The following elements are allowed in the
mode section:
activate_systemd_default_targetIf you set this entry to
false, the defaultsystemdtarget will not be activated via the callsystemctl isolate. Setting this value is optional. The default istrue.<general> <mode> <activate_systemd_default_target config:type="boolean"> true </activate_systemd_default_target> </mode> ... </general>
confirmBy default, the installation stops at the screen. Up to this point, no changes have been made to the system and settings may be changed on this screen. To proceed and finally start the installation, the user needs to confirm the settings. By setting this value to
falsethe settings are automatically accepted and the installation starts. Only set tofalseto carry out a fully unattended installation. Setting this value is optional. The default istrue.<general> <mode> <confirm config:type="boolean">true</confirm> </mode> ... </general>
confirm_base_product_licenseIf you set this to
true, the EULA of the base product will be shown. The user needs to accept this license. Otherwise the installation will be canceled. Setting this value is optional. The default isfalse. This setting applies to the base product license only. Use the flagconfirm_licensein theadd-onsection for additional licenses (see Section 4.9.3, “Installing Additional/Customized Packages or Products” for details).<general> <mode> <confirm_base_product_license config:type="boolean"> false </confirm_base_product_license> </mode> ... </general>
final_haltWhen set to
true, the machine shuts down after everything is installed and configured at the end of the second stage. If you enablefinal_halt, you do not need to set thefinal_rebootoption totrue.<general> <mode> <final_halt config:type="boolean">false</final_halt> </mode> ... </general>
final_rebootWhen set to
true, the machine reboots after everything is installed and configured at the end of the second stage. If you enablefinal_reboot, you do not need to set thefinal_haltoption totrue.<general> <mode> <final_reboot config:type="boolean">true</final_reboot> </mode> ... </general>
final_restart_servicesIf you set this entry to
false, services will not be restarted at the end of the installation (when everything is installed and configured at the end of the second stage). Setting this value is optional. The default istrue.<general> <mode> <final_restart_services config:type="boolean"> true </final_restart_services> </mode> ... </general>
haltShuts down the machine after the first stage. All packages and the boot loader have been installed and all your chroot scripts have run. Instead of rebooting into stage two, the machine is turned off. If you turn it on again, the machine boots and the second stage of the autoinstallation starts. Setting this value is optional. The default is
false.<general> <mode> <halt config:type="boolean">false</halt> </mode> ... </general>
max_systemd_waitSpecifies how long AutoYaST waits (in seconds) at most for
systemdto set up the default target. Setting this value is optional and should not normally be required. The default is30(seconds).<general> <mode> <max_systemd_wait config:type="integer">30</max_systemd_wait> </mode> ... </general>
ntp_sync_time_before_installationSpecify the NTP server with which to synchronize time before starting the installation. Time synchronization will only occur if this option is set. Keep in mind that you need a network connection and access to a time server. Setting this value is optional. By default no time synchronization will occur.
<general> <mode> <ntp_sync_time_before_installation> &ntpname; </ntp_sync_time_before_installation> </mode> ... </general>second_stageA regular installation of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server is performed in a single stage. The auto-installation process, however, is divided into two stages. After the installation of the basic system the system boots into the second stage where the system configuration is done. Set this option to
falseto disable the second stage. Setting this value is optional. The default istrue.<general> <mode> <second_stage config:type="boolean">true</second_stage> </mode> ... </general>
4.1.2 Configuring the Installation Settings Screen #
AutoYaST allows you to configure the
screen, which shows a summary of the installation settings. On this screen,
the user can change the settings before confirming them to start the
installation. Using the proposal tag, you can
control which settings (“proposals”) are shown in the
installation screen. A list of valid proposals for your products is
available from the /control.xml file on the
installation medium. This setting is optional. By default all configuration
options will be shown.
<proposals config:type="list"> <proposal>partitions_proposal</proposal> <proposal>timezone_proposal</proposal> <proposal>software_proposal</proposal> </proposals>
4.1.3 The Self-Update Section #
During the installation, YaST can update itself to solve bugs in the installer that were discovered after the release. Refer to the Deployment Guide for further information about this feature.
The installer self-update is only available if you use the GM
images of the Unified Installer and Packages ISOs. If you install from the ISOs published
as quarterly updates (they can be identified by the string QU
in the name), the installer cannot update itself, because this feature has
been disabled in the update media.
Use the following tags to configure the YaST self-update:
self_updateIf set to
trueorfalse, this option enables or disables the YaST self-update feature. Setting this value is optional. The default istrue.<general> <self_update config:type="boolean">true</self_update> ... </general>
Alternatively, you can specify the boot parameter
self_update=1on the kernel command line.self_update_urlLocation of the update repository to use during the YaST self-update. For more information, refer to the Deployment Guide.
Important: Installer Self-Update Repository OnlyThe
self_update_urlparameter expects only the installer self-update repository URL. Do not supply any other repository URL—for example the URL of the software update repository.<general> <self_update_url> http://example.com/updates/$arch </self_update_url> ... </general>
The URL may contain the variable
$arch. It will be replaced by the system's architecture, such asx86_64,s390x, etc.Alternatively, you can specify the boot parameter
self_update=1together withself_update=URLon the kernel command line.
4.1.4 The Semi-Automatic Section #
AutoYaST offers to start some YaST modules during the installation. This is useful to give the administrators installing the machine the possibility to manually configure some aspects of the installation while at the same time automating the rest of the installation. Within the semi-automatic section, you can start the following YaST modules:
The network settings module (
networking)The partitioner (
partitioning)The registration module (
scc)
The following example starts all three supported YaST modules during the installation:
<general> <semi-automatic config:type="list"> <semi-automatic_entry>networking</semi-automatic_entry> <semi-automatic_entry>scc</semi-automatic_entry> <semi-automatic_entry>partitioning</semi-automatic_entry> </semi-automatic> </general>
4.1.5 The Signature Handling Section #
By default AutoYaST will only install signed packages from sources with known GPG keys. Use this section to overwrite the default settings.
Installing unsigned packages, packages with failing checksum checks, or packages from sources you do not trust is a major security risk. Packages may have been modified and may install malicious software on your machine. Only overwrite the defaults in this section if you are sure the repository and packages can be trusted. SUSE is not responsible for any problems arising from software installed with integrity checks disabled.
Default values for all options are false. If an option is set to false and a package or repository fails the respective test, it is silently ignored and will not be installed.
accept_unsigned_fileIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept unsigned files like the content file.<general> <signature-handling> <accept_unsigned_file config:type="boolean"> false </accept_unsigned_file> </signature-handling> ... <general>
accept_file_without_checksumIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept files without a checksum in the content file.<general> <signature-handling> <accept_file_without_checksum config:type="boolean"> false </accept_file_without_checksum> </signature-handling> ... <general>
accept_verification_failedIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept signed files even when the signature verification fails.<general> <signature-handling> <accept_verification_failed config:type="boolean"> false </accept_verification_failed> </signature-handling> ... <general>
accept_unknown_gpg_keyIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept new GPG keys of the installation sources, for example the key used to sign the content file.<general> <signature-handling> <accept_unknown_gpg_key config:type="boolean"> false </accept_unknown_gpg_key> </signature-handling> ... <general>
accept_non_trusted_gpg_keySet this option to
trueto accept known keys you have not yet trusted.<general> <signature-handling> <accept_non_trusted_gpg_key config:type="boolean"> false </accept_non_trusted_gpg_key> </signature-handling> ... <general>
import_gpg_keyIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept and import new GPG keys on the installation source in its database.<general> <signature-handling> <import_gpg_key config:type="boolean"> false </import_gpg_key> </signature-handling> ... <general>
4.1.6 The Wait Section #
In the second stage of the installation the system is configured by running
modules, for example the network configuration. Within the wait section you can define scripts that will get
executed before and after a specific module has run. You can also configure
a span of time in which the system is inactive (“sleeps”)
before and after each module.
pre-modulesDefines scripts and sleep time executed before a configuration module starts. The following code shows an example setting the sleep time to ten seconds and executing an echo command before running the network configuration module.
<general> <wait> <pre-modules config:type="list"> <module> <name>networking</name> <sleep> <time config:type="integer">10</time> <feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback> </sleep> <script> <source>echo foo</source> <debug config:type="boolean">false</debug> </script> </module> </pre-modules> ... </wait> <general>post-modulesDefines scripts and sleep time executed after a configuration module starts. The following code shows an example setting the sleep time to ten seconds and executing an echo command after running the network configuration module.
<general> <wait> <post-modules config:type="list"> <module> <name>networking</name> <sleep> <time config:type="integer">10</time> <feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback> </sleep> <script> <source>echo foo</source> <debug config:type="boolean">false</debug> </script> </module> </post-modules> ... </wait> <general>
4.1.7 Blacklisting Unused Devices on IBM Z #
On IBM Z, you can prevent the kernel from looking at unused hardware
devices by running cio_ignore and blacklisting them.
This is done by setting the AutoYaST parameter with the same name to
true. Setting this value is optional and only applies to
installations on IBM Z hardware. The default is true.
<general> <cio_ignore config:type="boolean">true</cio_ignore> ... <general>
4.1.8 Examples for the general Section #
Find examples covering several use cases in this section.
This example shows the most commonly used options in the general section. The scripts in the pre- and post-modules sections are only dummy scripts illustrating the concept.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE profile>
<profile xmlns="http://www.suse.com/1.0/yast2ns"
xmlns:config="http://www.suse.com/1.0/configns">
<general>
<mode>
<halt config:type="boolean">false</halt>
<forceboot config:type="boolean">false</forceboot>
<final_reboot config:type="boolean">false</final_reboot>
<final_halt config:type="boolean">false</final_halt>
<confirm_base_product_license config:type="boolean">
false
</confirm_base_product_license>
<confirm config:type="boolean">true</confirm>
<second_stage config:type="boolean">true</second_stage>
</mode>
<proposals config:type="list">
<proposal>partitions_proposal</proposal>
</proposals>
<self_update config:type="boolean">true</self_update>
<self_update_url>http://example.com/updates/$arch</self_update_url>
<signature-handling>
<accept_unsigned_file config:type="boolean">
true
</accept_unsigned_file>
<accept_file_without_checksum config:type="boolean">
true
</accept_file_without_checksum>
<accept_verification_failed config:type="boolean">
true
</accept_verification_failed>
<accept_unknown_gpg_key config:type="boolean">
true
</accept_unknown_gpg_key>
<import_gpg_key config:type="boolean">true</import_gpg_key>
<accept_non_trusted_gpg_key config:type="boolean">
true
</accept_non_trusted_gpg_key>
</signature-handling>
<wait>
<pre-modules config:type="list">
<module>
<name>networking</name>
<sleep>
<time config:type="integer">10</time>
<feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback>
</sleep>
<script>
<source>>![CDATA[
echo "Sleeping 10 seconds"
]]></source>
<debug config:type="boolean">false</debug>
</script>
</module>
</pre-modules>
<post-modules config:type="list">
<module>
<name>networking</name>
<sleep>
<time config:type="integer">10</time>
<feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback>
</sleep>
<script>
<source>>![CDATA[
echo "Sleeping 10 seconds"
]]></source>
<debug config:type="boolean">false</debug>
</script>
</module>
</post-modules>
</wait>
</general>
</profile>4.2 Reporting #
The report resource manages three types of pop-ups
that may appear during installation:
message pop-ups (usually non-critical, informative messages),
warning pop-ups (if something might go wrong),
error pop-ups (in case an error occurs).
<report>
<errors>
<show config:type="boolean">true</show>
<timeout config:type="integer">0</timeout>
<log config:type="boolean">true</log>
</errors>
<warnings>
<show config:type="boolean">true</show>
<timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout>
<log config:type="boolean">true</log>
</warnings>
<messages>
<show config:type="boolean">true</show>
<timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout>
<log config:type="boolean">true</log>
</messages>
<yesno_messages>
<show config:type="boolean">true</show>
<timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout>
<log config:type="boolean">true</log>
</yesno_messages>
</report>
Depending on your experience, you can skip, log and show (with timeout)
those messages. It is recommended to show all
messages with timeout. Warnings can be skipped in
some places but should not be ignored.
The default setting in auto-installation mode is to show errors without timeout and to show all warnings/messages with a timeout of 10 seconds.
Note that not all messages during installation are controlled by the
report resource. Some critical messages concerning
package installation and partitioning will show up ignoring your
settings in the report section. Usually those
messages will need to be answered with or
.
4.3 System Registration and Extension Selection #
Registering the system with the registration server can be configured
within the suse_register resource. The following example
registers the system with the SUSE Customer Center. In case your organization provides its
own registration server, you need to specify the required data with the
reg_server* properties. Refer to the list below for
details.
<suse_register>
<do_registration config:type="boolean">true</do_registration>
<email>tux@example.com</email>
<reg_code>MY_SECRET_REGCODE</reg_code>
<install_updates config:type="boolean">true</install_updates>
<slp_discovery config:type="boolean">false</slp_discovery>
<--! optionally register some add-ons -->
<addons config:type="list">
<addon>
<name>sle-module-basesystem</name>
<version>15.2</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
</addon>
</addons>
</suse_register>It is recommended to at least register the Basesystem Module to have access to the updates for the base system (the Linux kernel, the system libraries and services).
As an alternative to the fully automated registration, AutoYaST can also be configured to start the YaST registration module during the installation. This offers the possibility to enter the registration data manually. The following XML code is required:
<general> <semi-automatic config:type="list"> <semi-automatic_entry>scc</semi-automatic_entry> </semi-automatic> </general>
In case you need to use the same network settings that were used for the installation, AutoYaST needs to run the network setup in stage 1 right before the registration is started:
<networking> <setup_before_proposal config:type="boolean">true</setup_before_proposal> </networking>
do_registrationBoolean
<do_registration config:type="boolean">true</do_registration>
Specify whether the system should be registered or not. If set to
falseall other options are ignored and the system is not registered.e-mailE-mail address
<email>tux@example.com</email>
Optional. The e-mail address matching the registration code.
reg_codeText
<reg_code>SECRET_REGCODE</reg_code>
Required. Registration code.
install_updatesBoolean
<install_updates config:type="boolean">true</install_updates>
Optional. Determines if updates from the Updates channels should be installed. The default value is to not install them (
false).slp_discoveryBoolean
<slp_discovery config:type="boolean">true</slp_discovery>
Optional. Search for a registration server via SLP. The default value is
false.Expects to find a single server. If more than one server is found, the installation will fail. In case there is more than one registration server available, you need to specify one with
reg_server.If neither
slp_discoverynorreg_serverare set, the system is registered with the SUSE Customer Center.This setting also affects the self-update feature: If it is disabled, no SLP search will be performed.
reg_serverURL
<reg_server> https://smt.example.com </reg_server>
Optional. RMT server URL. If neither
slp_discoverynorreg_serverare set, the system is registered with the SUSE Customer Center.The RMT server is queried for a URL of the self-update repository. So if
self_update_urlis not set, the RMT server influences where the self-updates are downloaded from. Check out the Deployment Guide to find further information about this feature.reg_server_cert_fingerprint_typeSHA1orSHA256<reg_server_cert_fingerprint_type> SHA1 </reg_server_cert_fingerprint_type>
Optional. Requires a checksum value provided with
reg_server_cert_fingerprint. Using the fingerprint is recommended, since it ensures the SSL certificate is verified. The matching certificate will be automatically imported when the SSL communication fails because of a verification error.reg_server_cert_fingerprintServer Certificate Fingerprint value in hexadecimal notion (case-insensitive).
<reg_server_cert_fingerprint> 01:AB...:EF </reg_server_cert_fingerprint>
Optional. Requires a fingerprint type value provided with
reg_server_cert_fingerprint_type. Using the fingerprint is recommended, since it ensures the SSL certificate is verified. The matching certificate will be automatically imported when the SSL communication fails because of a verification error.reg_server_certURL
<reg_server_cert> http://smt.example.com/smt.crt </reg_server_cert>
Optional. URL of the SSL certificate on the server. Using this option is not recommended, since the certificate that is downloaded is not verified. Use
reg_server_cert_fingerprintinstead.addonsAdd-ons list
Specify an extension from the registration server that should be added to the installation repositories. See Section 4.3.1, “Extensions” for details.
To obtain a server certificate fingerprint for use with
the reg_server_cert_fingerprint entry, run the
following command on the SMT server (edit the default path to the
smt.crt file, if needed):
openssl x509 -noout -in /srv/www/htdocs/smt.crt -fingerprint -sha256
To retrieve a fingerprint from the SMT server, use the following command:
curl --insecure -v https://scc.suse.com/smt.crt 2> /dev/null | openssl \
x509 -noout -fingerprint -sha256
Replace scc.suse.com with your server.
Note: This can be used in a trusted network only! In a non-trusted network, for example the Internet, you should get the fingerprint directly from the server by other means. Fingerprints can be fetched via SSH, a saved server configuration and other sources. Alternatively, you can verify that the downloaded certificate is identical on the server.
4.3.1 Extensions #
The SUSE Customer Center provides several extensions, such as
sle-module-development-tools (Development Tools Module)
that can be included as additional sources during the installation.
Extensions can be added via the addons property within
the suse_register block.
The availability of extensions is product and architecture dependent, not all extensions are available on all architectures.
Some extensions, such as sle-ha,
require a registration code.
Depending on your subscription, either use a dedicated registration code
for the extension, or restate the code for the base product.
With SUSEConnect --list-extensions you can list all
available extensions in a registered system. The result contains lines like:
Install with: SUSEConnect -p sle-module-development-tools/15.2/x86_64
The -p argument displays the
NAME/VERSION/ARCH values that can be
used in the AutoYaST profile as follows:
<addons config:type="list"> <addon> <!-- Development Tools Module --> <name>sle-module-development-tools</name> <version>15.2</version> <arch>x86_64</arch> </addon> </addons>
You may also see modules and extensions at https://scc.suse.com/packages.
Since SLES 15, AutoYaST automatically reorders the extensions according to their dependencies during registration. This means the order of the extensions in the AutoYaST profile is not important.
Also AutoYaST automatically registers the dependent extensions even though they are missing in the profile. This means you are not required to fill the extensions list completely.
However, if the dependent extension requires a registration key, this must be specified in the profile, including the registration key. Otherwise the registration would fail.
4.4 The Boot Loader #
This documentation is for yast2-bootloader and applies
to GRUB 2. For older product versions shipping with legacy GRUB, refer to
the documentation that comes with your distribution in
/usr/share/doc/packages/autoyast2/
The general structure of the AutoYaST boot loader part looks like the following:
<bootloader>
<loader_type>
<!-- boot loader type (grub2 or grub2-efi) -->
</loader_type>
<global>
<!--
entries defining the installation settings for GRUB 2 and
the generic boot code
-->
</global>
<device_map config:type="list">
<!-- entries defining the order of devices -->
</device_map>
</bootloader>4.4.1 Loader Type #
This defines which boot loader (UEFI or BIOS/legacy) to use. Not
all architectures support both legacy and EFI variants of the boot
loader. The safest (default) option is to leave
the decision up to the installer.
<loader_type>LOADER_TYPE</loader_type>
Possible values for LOADER_TYPE are:
default: The installer chooses the correct boot loader. This is the default when no option is defined.grub2: Use the legacy BIOS boot loader.grub2-efi: Use the EFI boot loader.none: The boot process is not managed and configured by the installer.
4.4.2 Globals #
This is an important if optional part. Define here where to install
GRUB 2 and how the boot process will work. Again,
yast2-bootloader proposes a configuration if you
do not define one. Usually the AutoYaST control file includes only this
part and all other parts are added automatically during installation by
yast2-bootloader. Unless you have some special
requirements, do not specify the boot loader configuration in the XML
file.
<global> <activate>true</activate> <timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout> <terminal>gfxterm</terminal> <gfxmode>1280x1024x24</gfxmode> </global>
- activate
Set the boot flag on the boot partition. The boot partition can be
/if there is no separate/bootpartition. If the boot partition is on a logical partition, the boot flag is set to the extended partition.<activate>true</activate>
- append
Kernel parameters added at the end of boot entries for normal and recovery mode.
<append>nomodeset vga=0x317</append>
- boot_boot
Write GRUB 2 to a separate
/bootpartition. If no separate/bootpartition exists, GRUB 2 will be written to/.<boot_boot>false</boot_boot>
- boot_custom
Write GRUB 2 to a custom device.
<boot_custom>/dev/sda3</boot_custom>
- boot_extended
Write GRUB 2 to the extended partition (important if you want to use generic boot code and the
/bootpartition is logical). Note: if the boot partition is logical, you should useboot_mbr(write GRUB 2 to MBR) rather thangeneric_mbr.<boot_extended>false</boot_extended>
- boot_mbr
Write GRUB 2 to the MBR of the first disk in the order. (
device.mapincludes the order of the disks).<boot_mbr>false</boot_mbr>
- boot_root
Write GRUB 2 to
/partition.<boot_root>false</boot_root>
- generic_mbr
Write generic boot code to the MBR (will be ignored if
boot_mbris set totrue).<generic_mbr config:type="boolean">false</generic_mbr>
- gfxmode
Graphical resolution of the GRUB 2 screen (requires <terminal> to be set to
gfxterm).Valid entries are
auto,HORIZONTALxVERTICAL, orHORIZONTALxVERTICAL xCOLOR DEPTH. You can see the screen resolutions supported by GRUB 2 on a particular system by using thevbeinfocommand at the GRUB 2 command line in the running system.<gfxmode>1280x1024x24</gfxmode>
- os_prober
If set to
true, automatically searches for operating systems already installed and generates boot entries for them during the installation.<os_prober>false</os_prober>
- cpu_mitigations
Allows choosing a default setting of kernel boot command line parameters for CPU mitigation (and at the same time strike a balance between security and performance).
Possible values are:
- auto
Enables all mitigations required for your CPU model, but does not protect against cross-CPU thread attacks. This setting may impact performance to some degree, depending on the workload.
- nosmt
Provides the full set of available security mitigations. Enables all mitigations required for your CPU model. In addition, it disables Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) to avoid side-channel attacks across multiple CPU threads. This setting may further impact performance, depending on the workload.
- off
Disables all mitigations. Side-channel attacks against your CPU are possible, depending on the CPU model. This setting has no impact on performance.
- manual
Does not set any mitigation level. Specify your CPU mitigations manually by using the kernel command line options.
<cpu_mitigations>auto</cpu_mitigations>
If not set in AutoYaST, the respective settings can be changed via kernel command line. By default, the (product-specific) settings in the
/control.xmlfile on the installation medium are used (if nothing else is specified).- suse_btrfs
Obsolete and no longer used. Booting from Btrfs snapshots is automatically enabled.
- serial
Command to execute if the GRUB 2 terminal mode is set to
serial.<serial>serial --speed=115200 --unit=0 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1</serials>
- secure_boot
If set to
false, then UEFI secure boot is disabled. Works only forgrub2-efiboot loader.<secure_boot>false</secure_boot>
- terminal
Specify the GRUB 2 terminal mode to use. Valid entries are
console,gfxterm, andserial. If set toserial, the serial command needs to be specified with <serial>, too.<terminal>serial</terminal>
- timeout
The timeout in seconds until the default boot entry is booted automatically.
<timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout>
- trusted_boot
If set to
true, then Trusted GRUB is used. Trusted GRUB supports Trusted Platform Module (TPM). Works only forgrub2boot loader.<trusted_boot">true</trusted_boot>
- vgamode
Adds the kernel parameter
vga=VALUEto the boot entries.<vgamode>0x317</vgamode>
- xen_append
Kernel parameters added at the end of boot entries for Xen guests.
<xen_append>nomodeset vga=0x317</xen_append>
- xen_kernel_append
Kernel parameters added at the end of boot entries for Xen kernels on the VM Host Server.
<xen_kernel_append>dom0_mem=768M</xen_kernel_append>
4.4.3 Device map #
GRUB 2 avoids mapping problems between BIOS drives and Linux devices by using device ID strings (UUIDs) or file system labels when generating its configuration files. GRUB 2 utilities create a temporary device map on the fly, which is usually sufficient, particularly on single-disk systems. However, if you need to override the automatic device mapping mechanism, create your custom mapping in this section.
<device_map config:type="list">
<device_map_entry>
<firmware>hd0</firmware> <!-- order of devices in target map -->
<linux>/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3500418AS_6VM23FX0</linux> <!-- name of device (disk) -->
</device_map_entry>
</device_map>4.5 Partitioning #
When it comes to partitioning, we can categorize AutoYaST use cases into three different levels:
Automatic partitioning. The user does not care about the partitioning and trusts in AutoYaST to do the right thing.
Guided partitioning. The user would like to set some basic settings. For example, a user would like to use LVM but has no idea about how to configure partitions, volume groups, and so on.
Expert partitioning. The user specifies how the layout should look. However, a complete definition is not required, and AutoYaST should propose reasonable defaults for missing parts.
To some extent, it is like using the regular installer. You can skip the partitioning screen and trust in YaST, use the , or define the partitioning layout through the .
4.5.1 Automatic Partitioning #
AutoYaST can come up with a sensible partitioning layout without any
user indication. Although it depends on the selected product to install,
AutoYaST usually proposes a Btrfs root file system, a separate
/home using XFS and a swap partition. Additionally,
depending on the architecture, it adds any partition that might be needed
to boot (like BIOS GRUB partitions).
However, these defaults might change depending on factors like the
available disk space. For example, having a separate /home
depends on the amount of available disk space.
If you want to influence these default values, you can use the approach described in Section 4.5.2, “Guided Partitioning”.
4.5.2 Guided Partitioning #
Although AutoYaST can come up with a partitioning layout without any user indication, sometimes it is useful to set some generic parameters and let AutoYaST do the rest. For example, you may be interested in using LVM or encrypting your file systems without having to deal with the details. It is similar to what you would do when using the guided proposal in a regular installation.
The storage section in Example 4.3, “LVM-based Guided Partitioning” instructs AutoYaST to set up a partitioning
layout using LVM and deleting all Windows partitions, no matter whether
they are needed.
<general>
<storage>
<proposal>
<lvm config:type="boolean">true<lvm>
<windows_delete_mode config:type="symbol">all<windows_delete_mode>
</proposal>
<storage>
<general>- lvm
Creates an LVM-based proposal. The default is
false.<lvm config:type="boolean">true</lvm>
- resize_windows
When set to
true, AutoYaST resizes Windows partitions if needed to make room for the installation.<resize_windows config:type="boolean">false</resize_windows>
- windows_delete_mode
nonedoes not remove Windows partitions.ondemandremoves Windows partitions if needed.allremoves all Windows partitions.
<windows_delete_mode config:type="symbol">ondemand</windows_delete_mode>
- linux_delete_mode
nonedoes not remove Linux partitions.ondemandremoves Linux partitions if needed.allremoves all Linux partitions.
<linux_delete_mode config:type="symbol">ondemand</linux_delete_mode>
- other_delete_mode
nonedoes not remove other partitions.ondemandremoves other partitions if needed.allremoves all other partitions.
<other_delete_mode config:type="symbol">ondemand</other_delete_mode>
- encryption_password
Enables encryption using the specified password. By default, encryption is disabled.
<encryption_password>some-secret</encryption_password>
4.5.3 Expert Partitioning #
As an alternative to guided partitioning, AutoYaST allows to describe the
partitioning layout through a partitioning
section. However, AutoYaST does not need to know every single detail and is
able to build a sensible layout from a rather incomplete specification.
The partitioning section is a list of
drive elements. Each of these sections describes an
element of the partitioning layout like a disk, an LVM volume group, a
RAID, a multi-device Btrfs file system, and so on.
Example 4.4, “Creating /, /home and
swap partitions”, asks AutoYaST to create a
/, a /home and a
swap partition using the whole disk. Note that some
information is missing, like which file systems each partition should
use. However, that is not a problem, and AutoYaST will propose sensible values
for them.
/, /home and
swap partitions #<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<use>all</use>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<mount>/</mount>
<size>20GiB</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<mount>/home</mount>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<mount>swap</mount>
<size>1GiB</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>AutoYaST checks whether the layout described in the profile is bootable or not. If it is not, it adds the missing partitions. So, if you are unsure about which partitions are needed to boot, you can rely on AutoYaST to make the right decision.
4.5.3.1 Drive Configuration #
The elements listed below must be placed within the following XML structure:
<profile>
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
...
</drive>
</partitioning>
</profile>deviceThe device you want to configure in this section. You can use persistent device names via ID, like
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200AAKS-75L9A0_WD-WMAV27368122or by-path, like/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0001:00:03.0-scsi-0:0:0:0.<device>/dev/sda</device>
In case of volume groups, software RAID or
bcachedevices, the name in the installed system may be different (to avoid clashes with existing devices).See Section 4.5.7, “Multipath Support” for further information about dealing with multipath devices.
Optional. If left out, AutoYaST tries to guess the device. See Tip: Skipping Devices on how to influence guessing.
If set to
ask, AutoYaST will ask the user which device to use during installation.initializeIf set to
true, the partition table gets wiped out before AutoYaST starts the partition calculation.<initialize config:type="boolean">true</initialize>
Optional. The default is
false.partitionsA list of <partition> entries (see Section 4.5.3.2, “Partition configuration”).
<partitions config:type="list"> <partition>...</partition> ... </partitions>Optional. If no partitions are specified, AutoYaST will create a reasonable partitioning (see Section 4.5.3.5, “Filling the Gaps”).
pesizeThis value only makes sense with LVM.
<pesize>8M</pesize>
Optional. Default is 4M for LVM volume groups.
useSpecifies the strategy AutoYaST will use to partition the hard disk.
Choose between:
all(uses the whole device while calculating the new partitioning),linux(only existing Linux partitions are used),free(only unused space on the device is used, no other partitions are touched),1,2,3 (a list of comma separated partition numbers to use).
This parameter should be provided.
typeSpecify the type of the
drive,Choose between:
CT_DISKfor physical hard disks (default).CT_DMMULTIPATHfor Multipath devices (deprecated, implied with CT_DISK).CT_LVMfor LVM volume groups,CT_RAIDfor software RAID devices,CT_BCACHEfor softwarebcachedevices.
<type config:type="symbol">CT_LVM</type>
Optional. Default is
CT_DISKfor a normal physical hard disk.disklabelDescribes the type of the partition table.
Choose between:
msdosgptnone
<disklabel>gpt</disklabel>
Optional. By default YaST decides what makes sense. If a partition table of a different type already exists, it will be recreated with the given type only if it does not include any partition that should be kept or reused. To use the disk without creating any partition, set this element to
none.keep_unknown_lvThis value only makes sense for type=CT_LVM drives. If you are reusing a logical volume group and you set this to
true, all existing logical volumes in that group will not be touched unless they are specified in the <partitioning> section. So you can keep existing logical volumes without specifying them.<keep_unknown_lv config:type="boolean" >false</keep_unknown_lv>
Optional. The default is
false.enable_snapshotsEnables snapshots on Btrfs file systems mounted at
/(does not apply to other file systems, or Btrfs file systems not mounted at/).<enable_snapshots config:type="boolean" >false</enable_snapshots>
Optional. The default is
true.
The value provided in the use property determines
how existing data and partitions are treated. The value
all means that the entire disk will be erased. Make
backups and use the confirm property if you need to
keep some partitions with important data. Otherwise, no pop-ups will
notify you about partitions being deleted.
You can influence AutoYaST's device-guessing for cases where you do not specify a <device> entry on your own. Usually AutoYaST would use the first device it can find that looks reasonable but you can configure it to skip some devices like this:
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<initialize config:type="boolean">true</initialize>
<skip_list config:type="list">
<listentry>
<!-- skip devices that use the usb-storage driver -->
<skip_key>driver</skip_key>
<skip_value>usb-storage</skip_value>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<!-- skip devices that are smaller than 1GB -->
<skip_key>size_k</skip_key>
<skip_value>1048576</skip_value>
<skip_if_less_than config:type="boolean">true</skip_if_less_than>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<!-- skip devices that are larger than 100GB -->
<skip_key>size_k</skip_key>
<skip_value>104857600</skip_value>
<skip_if_more_than config:type="boolean">true</skip_if_more_than>
</listentry>
</skip_list>
</drive>
</partitioning>
For a list of all possible <skip_key>s, run yast2
ayast_probe on a system that has already been installed.
4.5.3.2 Partition configuration #
The elements listed below must be placed within the following XML structure:
<drive>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
...
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>- create
Specify if this partition or logical volume must be created, or if it already exists. If set to
false, you also need to set one ofpartition_nr,lv_name,label, oruuidto tell AutoYaST which device to use.<create config:type="boolean">false</create>
- crypt_method
Optional, the partition will be encrypted using one of these methods:
luks1: regular LUKS1 encryption.pervasive_luks2: pervasive volume encryption.protected_swap: encryption with volatile protected key.secure_swap: encryption with volatile secure key.random_swap: encryption with volatile random key.
<crypt_method config:type="symbol">luks1</crypt_method>
Encryption method selection was introduced in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2. To mimic the behavior of previous versions, use
luks1.See
crypt_keyelement to learn how to specify the encryption password if needed.- crypt_fs
Partition will be encrypted, the default is
false. This element is deprecated. Usecrypt_methodinstead.<crypt_fs config:type="boolean">true</crypt_fs>
- crypt_key
Required if
crypt_methodhas been set to a method that requires a password (that is,luks1orpervasive_luks2).<crypt_key>xxxxxxxx</crypt_key>
- mount
You should have at least a root partition (/) and a swap partition.
<mount>/</mount><mount>swap</mount>
- fstopt
Mount options for this partition; see
man mountfor available mount options.<fstopt>ro,noatime,user,data=ordered,acl,user_xattr</fstopt>
- label
The label of the partition. Useful when formatting the device (especially if the
mountbyparameter is set tolabel) and for identifying a device that already exists (seecreateabove). Seeman e2labelfor an example.<label>mydata</label>
- uuid
The uuid of the partition. Only useful for identifying an existing device (see
createabove). The uuid cannot be enforced for new devices. (Seeman uuidgen.)<uuid>1b4e28ba-2fa1-11d2-883f-b9a761bde3fb</uuid>
- size
The size of the partition, for example 4G, 4500M, etc. The /boot partition and the swap partition can have
autoas size. Then AutoYaST calculates a reasonable size. One partition can have the valuemaxto use all remaining space.You can also specify the size in percentage. So 10% will use 10% of the size of the hard disk or volume group. You can mix
auto,max,size, and percentage as you like.<size>10G</size>
Starting with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15, all values (including
autoandmax) can be used for resizing partitions as well.- format
Specify if AutoYaST should format the partition. If you set
createtotrue, then you likely want this option set totrueas well.<format config:type="boolean">false</format>
- file system
Optional. The default is
btrfsfor the root partition (/) andxfsfor data partitions. Specify the file system to use on this partition:btrfsext2ext3ext4fatxfsswap<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext3</filesystem>
- mkfs_options
Optional, specify an option string for the
mkfs. Only use this when you know what you are doing. (See the relevant mkfs man page for the file system you want to use.)<mkfs_options>-I 128</mkfs_options>
- partition_nr
The number of this partition. If you have set
create=falseor if you use LVM, then you can specify the partition viapartition_nr.<partition_nr config:type="integer">2</partition_nr>
- partition_id
The
partition_idsets the id of the partition. If you want different identifiers than 131 for Linux partition or 130 for swap, configure them withpartition_id.The default is131for a Linux partition and130for swap.<partition_id config:type="integer">131</partition_id>
FAT16 (MS-DOS): 6NTFS (MS-DOS): 7FAT32 (MS-DOS): 12Extended FAT16 (MS-DOS): 15DIAG, Diagnostics and firmware (MS-DOS, GPT): 18PPC PReP Boot partition (MS-DOS, GPT): 65Swap (MS-DOS, GPT, DASD, implicit): 130Linux (MS-DOS, GPT, DASD): 131Intel Rapid Start Technology (MS-DOS, GPT): 132LVM (MS-DOS, GPT, DASD): 142EFI System Partition (MS-DOS, GPT): 239MD RAID (MS-DOS, GPT, DASD): 253BIOS boot (GPT): 257Windows basic data (GPT): 258EFI (GPT): 259Microsoft reserved (GPT): 261- partition_type
Optional. The allowed value is
primary. When using anmsdospartition table, this element sets the type of the partition toprimary. This value is ignored when using agptpartition table, because such a distinction does not exist in that case.<partition_type>primary</partition_type>
- mountby
Instead of a partition number, you can tell AutoYaST to mount a partition by
device,label,uuid,pathorid, which are the udev path and udev id (see/dev/disk/...).See
labelanduuiddocumentation above. The default depends on YaST and usually isid.<mountby config:type="symbol">label</mountby>
- subvolumes
List of subvolumes to create for a file system of type Btrfs. This key only makes sense for file systems of type Btrfs. (See Section 4.5.3.3, “Btrfs subvolumes” for more information.)
If no
subvolumessection has been defined for a partition description, AutoYaST will create a predefined set of subvolumes for the given mount point.<subvolumes config:type="list"> <path>tmp</path> <path>opt</path> <path>srv</path> <path>var</path> ... </subvolumes>
- create_subvolumes
Determine whether Btrfs subvolumes should be created or not. It is set to
trueby default. When set tofalse, no subvolumes will be created.- subvolumes_prefix
Set the Btrfs subvolumes prefix name. If no prefix is wanted, it must be set to an empty value:
<subvolumes_prefix><![CDATA[]]></subvolumes_prefix>
It is set to
@by default.- lv_name
If this partition is on a logical volume in a volume group, specify the logical volume name here (see the
typeparameter in the drive configuration).<lv_name>opt_lv</lv_name>
- stripes
An integer that configures LVM striping. Specify across how many devices you want to stripe (spread data).
<stripes config:type="integer">2</stripes>
- stripesize
Specify the size of each block in KB.
<stripesize config:type="integer">4</stripesize>
- lvm_group
If this is a physical partition used by (part of) a volume group (LVM), you need to specify the name of the volume group here.
<lvm_group>system</lvm_group>
- pool
poolmust be set totrueif the LVM logical volume should be an LVM thin pool.<pool config:type="boolean">true</pool>
- used_pool
The name of the LVM thin pool that is used as a data store for this thin logical volume. If this is set to something non-empty, it implies that the volume is a so-called thin logical volume.
<used_pool>my_thin_pool</used_pool>
- raid_name
If this physical volume is part of a RAID array, specify the name of the RAID array.
<raid_name>/dev/md/0</raid_name>
- raid_options
Specify RAID options. Setting the RAID options at the
partitionlevel is deprecated. See Section 4.5.6, “Software RAID”.- bcache_backing_for
If this device is used as a
bcachebacking device, specify the name of thebcachedevice. See Section 4.5.8, “bcacheConfiguration” for further details.<bcache_backing_for>/dev/bcache0</bcache_backing_for>
- bcache_caching_for
If this device is used as a
bcachecaching device, specify the names of thebcachedevices. See Section 4.5.8, “bcacheConfiguration” for further details.<bcache_caching_for config:type="list"><listentry>/dev/bcache0</listentry></bcache_caching_for>
- resize
Starting with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 resizing works with physical disk partitions and with LVM volumes
<resize config:type="boolean">false</resize>
4.5.3.3 Btrfs subvolumes #
As mentioned in Section 4.5.3.2, “Partition configuration”, it is possible to define a set of subvolumes for each Btrfs file system. In its simplest form, this is a list of entries:
<subvolumes config:type="list"> <path>tmp</path> <path>opt</path> <path>srv</path> <path>var/crash</path> <path>var/lock</path> <path>var/run</path> <path>var/tmp</path> <path>var/spool</path> </subvolumes>
AutoYaST supports disabling copy-on-write for a given subvolume. In that case, a slightly more complex syntax should be used:
<subvolumes config:type="list"> <listentry>tmp</listentry> <listentry>opt</listentry> <listentry>srv</listentry> <listentry> <path>var/lib/pgsql</path> <copy_on_write config:type="boolean">false</copy_on_write> </listentry> </subvolumes>
If there is a default subvolume used for the distribution (for example
@ in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server), the name of this default
subvolume is automatically prefixed to the names in this list. This
behavior can be disabled by setting the
subvolumes_prefix.
<subvolumes_prefix><![CDATA[]]></subvolumes_prefix>
4.5.3.4 Using the Whole Disk #
AutoYaST allows to use a whole disk without creating any partition by setting
the disklabel to none as described
in Section 4.5.3.1, “Drive Configuration”. In such cases, the
configuration in the first partition from the
drive will be applied to the whole disk.
In the example below, we are using the second disk (/dev/sdb)
as the /home file system.
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<create config:type="boolean">true</create>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<mount>/</mount>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/sdb</device>
<disklabel>none</disklabel>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<mount>/home</mount>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>In addition, the whole disk can be used as an LVM physical volume or as a software RAID member. See Section 4.5.5, “Logical Volume Manager (LVM)” and Section 4.5.6, “Software RAID” for further details about setting up an LVM or a software RAID.
For backward compatibility reasons, it is possible to achieve the same
result by setting the <partition_nr> element to
0. However, this usage of the
<partition_nr> element is deprecated from
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15.
4.5.3.5 Filling the Gaps #
When using the approach, AutoYaST can create a partition plan from a rather incomplete profile. The following profiles show how you can describe some details of the partitioning layout and let AutoYaST do the rest.
The following is an example of a single drive system, which is not pre-partitioned and should be automatically partitioned according to the described pre-defined partition plan. If you do not specify the device, it will be automatically detected.
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
</partitioning>A more detailed example shows how existing partitions and multiple drives are handled.
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<use>all</use>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<mount>/</mount>
<size>10G</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<mount>swap</mount>
<size>1G</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/sdb</device>
<use>free</use>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
<mount>/data1</mount>
<size>15G</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">xfs</filesystem>
<mount>/data2</mount>
<size>auto</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
</partitioning>4.5.4 Advanced Partitioning Features #
4.5.4.1 Wipe out Partition Table #
Usually this is not needed because AutoYaST can delete partitions one by one automatically. But you need the option to let AutoYaST clear the partition table instead of deleting partitions individually.
Go to the drive section and add:
<initialize config:type="boolean">true</initialize>
With this setting AutoYaST will delete the partition table before it starts to analyze the actual partitioning and calculates its partition plan. Of course this means, that you cannot keep any of your existing partitions.
4.5.4.2 Mount Options #
By default a file system to be mounted is identified in
/etc/fstab by the device name. This
identification can be changed so the file system is found by searching
for a UUID or a volume label. Note that not all file systems can be
mounted by UUID or a volume label. To specify how a partition is to be
mounted, use the mountby property which has the
symbol type. Possible options are:
device(default)labelUUID
If you choose to mount a new partition using a label, use the
label property to specify its value.
Add any valid mount option in the fourth field of
/etc/fstab. Multiple options are separated by
commas. Possible fstab options:
- Mount read-only (
ro) No write access to the file system. Default is
false.- No access time (
noatime) Access times are not updated when a file is read. Default is
false.- Mountable by User (
user) The file system can be mounted by a normal user. Default is
false.-
Data Journaling Mode (
ordered,journal,writeback) journalAll data is committed to the journal prior to being written to the main file system.
orderedAll data is directly written to the main file system before its metadata is committed to the journal.
writebackData ordering is not preserved.
- Access Control List (
acl) Enable access control lists on the file system.
- Extended User Attributes (
user_xattr) Allow extended user attributes on the file system.
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<fstopt>ro,noatime,user,data=ordered,acl,user_xattr</fstopt>
<mount>/local</mount>
<mountby config:type="symbol">uuid</mountby>
<partition_id config:type="integer">131</partition_id>
<size>10G</size>
</partition>
</partitions>Different file system types support different options. Check the documentation carefully before setting them.
4.5.4.3 Keeping Specific Partitions #
In some cases you should leave partitions untouched and only format specific target partitions, rather than creating them from scratch. For example, if different Linux installations coexist, or you have another operating system installed, likely you do not want to wipe these out. You may also want to leave data partitions untouched.
Such scenarios require specific knowledge about the target systems and hard disks. Depending on the scenario, you might need to know the exact partition table of the target hard disk with partition IDs, sizes and numbers. With this data, you can tell AutoYaST to keep certain partitions, format others and create new partitions if needed.
The following example will keep partitions 1, 2 and 5 and delete partition 6 to create two new partitions. All remaining partitions will only be formatted.
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sdc</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<create config:type="boolean">false</create>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<mount>/</mount>
<partition_nr config:type="integer">1</partition_nr>
</partition>
<partition>
<create config:type="boolean">false</create>
<format config:type="boolean">false</format>
<partition_nr config:type="integer">2</partition_nr>
<mount>/space</mount>
</partition>
<partition>
<create config:type="boolean">false</create>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">swap</filesystem>
<partition_nr config:type="integer">5</partition_nr>
<mount>swap</mount>
</partition>
<partition>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<mount>/space2</mount>
<size>5G</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<mount>/space3</mount>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>6</use>
</drive>
</partitioning>The last example requires exact knowledge of the existing partition table and the partition numbers of those partitions that should be kept. In some cases however, such data may not be available, especially in a mixed hardware environment with different hard disk types and configurations. The following scenario is for a system with a non-Linux OS with a designated area for a Linux installation.
In this scenario, shown in figure Figure 4.1, “Keeping partitions”, AutoYaST will not create new partitions. Instead it searches for certain partition types on the system and uses them according to the partitioning plan in the control file. No partition numbers are given in this case, only the mount points and the partition types (additional configuration data can be provided, for example file system options, encryption and file system type).
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<create config:type="boolean">false</create>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<mount>/</mount>
<partition_id config:type="integer">131</partition_id>
</partition>
<partition>
<create config:type="boolean">false</create>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">swap</filesystem>
<partition_id config:type="integer">130</partition_id>
<mount>swap</mount>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
</partitioning>When AutoYaST is probing the storage devices, the partitioning section from the profile is not yet analyzed. In some scenarios, it is not clear which key should be used to unlock a device. For example, this can happen when more than one encryption key is defined. To solve this problem, AutoYaST will try all defined keys on all encrypted devices until a working key is found.
4.5.5 Logical Volume Manager (LVM) #
To configure LVM, first create a physical volume using the normal partitioning method described above.
The following example shows how to prepare for LVM in the
partitioning resource. A non-formatted partition is
created on device /dev/sda1 of the type
LVM and with the volume group
system. This partition will use all space available
on the drive.
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<create config:type="boolean">true</create>
<lvm_group>system</lvm_group>
<partition_type>primary</partition_type>
<partition_id config:type="integer">142</partition_id>
<partition_nr config:type="integer">1</partition_nr>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
</partitioning><partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<lvm_group>system</lvm_group>
<partition_type>primary</partition_type>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/system</device>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_LVM</type>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
<lv_name>user_lv</lv_name>
<mount>/usr</mount>
<size>15G</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
<lv_name>opt_lv</lv_name>
<mount>/opt</mount>
<size>10G</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
<lv_name>var_lv</lv_name>
<mount>/var</mount>
<size>1G</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<pesize>4M</pesize>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
</partitioning>
It is possible to set the size to
max for the logical volumes. Of course, you can only
use max for one(!) logical volume. You cannot set
two logical volumes in one volume group to max.
4.5.6 Software RAID #
The support for software RAID devices has been greatly improved in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2.
If needed, see Section 4.5.6.1, “Using the deprecated syntax” to find out further details about the old way of specifying a software RAID, which is still supported for backward compatibility.
Using AutoYaST, you can create and assemble software RAID devices. The supported RAID levels are the following:
- RAID 0
This level increases your disk performance. There is no redundancy in this mode. If one of the drives crashes, data recovery will not be possible.
- RAID 1
This mode offers the best redundancy. It can be used with two or more disks. An exact copy of all data is maintained on all disks. As long as at least one disk is still working, no data is lost. The partitions used for this type of RAID should have approximately the same size.
- RAID 5
This mode combines management of a larger number of disks and still maintains some redundancy. This mode can be used on three disks or more. If one disk fails, all data is still intact. If two disks fail simultaneously, all data is lost.
- Multipath
This mode allows access to the same physical device via multiple controllers for redundancy against a fault in a controller card. This mode can be used with at least two devices.
Similar to LVM, a software RAID definition in an AutoYaST profile is composed of two different parts:
Determining which disks or partitions are going to be used as RAID members. In order to do that, you need to set the
raid_nameelement in such devices.Defining the RAID itself by using a dedicated
drivesection.
The following example shows a RAID10 configuration that uses a partition from the first disk and another one from the second disk as RAID members:
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<mount>/</mount>
<size>20G</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<raid_name>/dev/md/0</raid_name>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/sdb</device>
<disklabel>none</disklabel>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<raid_name>/dev/md/0</raid_name>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/md/0</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<mount>/home</mount>
<size>40G</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<mount>/srv</mount>
<size>10G</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<raid_options>
<chunk_size>4</chunk_size>
<parity_algorithm>near_2</parity_algorithm>
<raid_type>raid10</raid_type>
</raid_options>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
</partitioning>
If you do not want to create partitions in the software RAID, set
the disklabel to none as you would
do for a regular disk. In the example below, only the RAID
drive section is shown for simplicity's sake:
<drive>
<device>/dev/md/0</device>
<disklabel>none</disklabel>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<mount>/home</mount>
<size>40G</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<raid_options>
<chunk_size>4</chunk_size>
<parity_algorithm>near_2</parity_algorithm>
<raid_type>raid10</raid_type>
</raid_options>
<use>all</use>
</drive>4.5.6.1 Using the deprecated syntax #
If the installer self-update feature is enabled, it is possible to partition a software RAID for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15. However, that scenario was not supported in previous versions and hence the way to define a software RAID was slightly different.
This section defines what the old-style configuration looks like because it is still supported for backward compatibility.
Keep the following in mind when configuring a RAID using this deprecated syntax:
The device for RAID is always
/dev/md.The property
partition_nris used to determine the MD device number. Ifpartition_nris equal to 0, then/dev/md/0is configured. Adding severalpartitionsections means that you want to have multiple software RAIDs (/dev/md/0,/dev/md/1, etc.).All RAID-specific options are contained in the
raid_optionsresource.
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<partition_id config:type="integer">253</partition_id>
<format config:type="boolean">false</format>
<raid_name>/dev/md0</raid_name>
<raid_type>raid1</raid_type>
<size>4G</size>
</partition>
<!-- Insert a configuration for the regular partitions located on
/dev/sda here (for example / and swap) -->
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/sdb</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<format config:type="boolean">false</format>
<partition_id config:type="integer">253</partition_id>
<raid_name>/dev/md0</raid_name>
<size>4gb</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/md</device>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
<format config:type="boolean">true</format>
<mount>/space</mount>
<partition_id config:type="integer">131</partition_id>
<partition_nr config:type="integer">0</partition_nr>
<raid_options>
<chunk_size>4</chunk_size>
<parity_algorithm>near_2</parity_algorithm>
<raid_type>raid10</raid_type>
</raid_options>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
</partitioning>4.5.6.2 RAID Options #
The following elements must be placed within the following XML structure:
<partition>
<raid_options>
...
</raid_options>
</partition>- chunk_size
Can be expressed as a number with the corresponding units (for example, <hunk_size>32M</chunk_size>) or just as a number. If the unit is omitted, kilobytes are used as the default unit. Do not specify
chunk_sizefor RAID1. Bear in mind thatraid1is the default type.<chunk_size>4</chunk_size>
- parity_algorithm
Possible values are:
left_asymmetric,left_symmetric,right_asymmetric,right_symmetric,first,last,first_6,left_asymmetric_6,left_symmetric_6,right_asymmetric_6,right_symmetric_6,near_2,offset_2,far_2,near_3,offset_3, orfar_3.For RAID6 and RAID10, the following values can be used:
parity_first,parity_last,left_asymmetric_6,left_symmetric_6,right_asymmetric_6,right_symmetric_6,parity_first_6,n2,o2,f2,n3,o3, orf3.The accepted values for each RAID depend on the RAID level (eg.
raid5) and the number of devices in the RAID. Given that RAID0 or RAID1 do not provide any parity, do not specify this option for such devices.<parity_algorithm>left_asymmetric</parity_algorithm>
- raid_type
Possible values are:
raid0,raid1,raid5,raid6andraid10.<raid_type>raid1</raid_type>
The default is
raid1.- device_order
This list contains the order of the physical devices:
<device_order config:type="list"><device>/dev/sdb2</device><device>/dev/sda1</device>...</device_order>
This is optional, and the default is alphabetical order.
4.5.7 Multipath Support #
AutoYaST can handle multipath devices. In order to take advantage of
them, you need to enable multipath support, as shown in Example 4.16, “Using Multipath Devices”. Alternatively, you can use the following
parameter on the Kernel command line:
LIBSTORAGE_MULTIPATH_AUTOSTART=ON.
Unlike SUSE Linux Enterprise 12, it is not required to set the drive section type to
CT_DMMULTIPATH. You should use
CT_DISK, although for historical reasons, both values are
equivalent.
<general>
<storage>
<start_multipath config:type="boolean">true</start_multipath>
</storage>
</general>
<partitioning>
<drive>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<size>20G</size>
<mount>/</mount>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
</partition>
<partition>
<size>auto</size>
<mount>swap</mount>
</partition>
</partitions>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_DISK</type>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
</partitioning>
If you want to specify the device, you could use the World Wide Identifier
(WWID), its device name (for example, /dev/dm-0), any other
path under /dev/disk that refers to the multipath device
or any of its paths.
For example, given the multipath listing from Example 4.17, “Listing multipath devices”, you could use
/dev/mapper/14945540000000000f86756dce9286158be4c6e3567e75ba5,
/dev/dm-3, any other corresponding path under
/dev/disk (as shown in Example 4.18, “Using the WWID to Identify a Multipath Device”), or any of its paths
(/dev/sda or /dev/sdb).
# multipath -l 14945540000000000f86756dce9286158be4c6e3567e75ba5 dm-3 ATA,VIRTUAL-DISK size=40G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw |-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=1 status=active | `- 2:0:0:0 sda 8:0 active ready running `-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=1 status=enabled `- 3:0:0:0 sdb 8:16 active ready running
<drive>
<partitions config:type="list">
<device>/dev/mapper/14945540000000000f86756dce9286158be4c6e3567e75ba5</device>
<partition>
<size>20G</size>
<mount>/</mount>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
</partition>
</partitions>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_DISK</type>
<use>all</use>
</drive>4.5.8 bcache Configuration #
bcache is a caching system which allows the use of multiple fast drives to speed up the access
to one or more slower drives. For example, you can improve the performance
of a large (but slow) drive by using a fast one as a cache.
For more information about bcache on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, also see the blog post
at https://www.suse.com/c/combine-the-performance-of-solid-state-drive-with-the-capacity-of-a-hard-drive-with-bcache-and-yast/.
To set up a bcache device, AutoYaST needs a profile that specifies the
following:
To set a (slow) block device as backing device, use the
bcache_backing_forelement.To set a (fast) block device as caching device, use the
bcache_caching_forelement. You can use the same device to speed up the access to several drives.To specify the layout of the
bcachedevice, use adrivesection and set thetypeelement toCT_BCACHE. The layout of thebcachedevice may contain partitions.
bcache Definition #<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_DISK</type>
<use>all</use>
<enable_snapshots config:type="boolean">true</enable_snapshots>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">btrfs</filesystem>
<mount>/</mount>
<create config:type="boolean">true</create>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">swap</filesystem>
<mount>swap</mount>
<create config:type="boolean">true</create>
<size>2GiB</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
<drive>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_DISK</type>
<device>/dev/sdb</device>
<disklabel>msdos</disklabel>
<use>all</use>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<!-- It can serve as caching device for several bcaches -->
<bcache_caching_for config:type="list">
<listentry>/dev/bcache0</listentry>
</bcache_caching_for>
<size>max</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
<drive>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_DISK</type>
<device>/dev/sdc</device>
<use>all</use>
<disklabel>msdos</disklabel>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<!-- It can serve as backing device for one bcache -->
<bcache_backing_for>/dev/bcache0</bcache_backing_for>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
<drive>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_BCACHE</type>
<device>/dev/bcache0</device>
<bcache_options>
<cache_mode>writethrough</cache_mode>
</bcache_options>
<use>all</use>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<mount>/data</mount>
<size>20GiB</size>
</partition>
<partition>
<mount>swap</mount>
<filesystem config:type="symbol">swap</filesystem>
<size>1GiB</size>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
</partitioning>
For the time being, the only supported option in the bcache_options
section is cache_mode, described in the table below.
cache_mode<cache_mode>writethrough</cache_mode>
Cache mode for bcache. Possible values are
writethrough,writeback,writearoundandnone.
4.5.9 Multi-device Btrfs Configuration #
Btrfs supports creating a single volume that spans more than one
storage device, offering similar features to software RAID implementations
such as the Linux kernel's built-in mdraid subsystem.
Multi-device Btrfs offers advantages over some other
RAID implementations. For example, you can dynamically migrate a
multi-device Btrfs volume from one RAID level to another, RAID levels can
be set on a per-file basis, and more. However, not all of these features are
fully supported yet in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP 2.
With AutoYaST, a multi-device Btrfs can be configured by specifying a drive
with the CT_BTRFS type. The device
property is used as an arbitrary name to identify each multi-device Btrfs.
As with RAID, you need to create all block devices first (e.g., partitions, LVM logical volumes, etc.) and assign them to the Btrfs file system you want to create over such block devices.
The following example shows a simple multi-device Btrfs configuration:
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>/dev/sda</device>
<disklabel>none</disklabel>
<partitions>
<partition>
<btrfs_name>root_fs</btrfs_name>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>/dev/sdb</device>
<disklabel>gpt</disklabel>
<partitions>
<partition>
<partition_nr>1</partition_nr>
<size>4gb</size>
<filesystem>ext4</filesystem>
<btrfs_name>root_fs</btrfs_name>
</partition>
</partitions>
<use>all</use>
</drive>
<drive>
<device>root_fs</device>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_BTRFS</type>
<partitions>
<partition config:type="list>
<mount>/</mount>
</partition>
</partitions>
<btrfs_options>
<raid_leve>raid1</raid_level>
<metadata_raid_leve>raid1</metadata_raid_level>
</btrfs_options>
</drive>
</partitioning>
The supported data and meta-data RAID levels are: default,
single, dup, raid0,
raid1, and raid10. By default, file
system meta-data is mirrored across two devices and data is striped across
all of the devices. If only one device is present, meta-data will be
duplicated on that one device.
Keep the following in mind when configuring a multi-device Btrfs file system:
Devices need to indicate the
btrfs_nameproperty to be included into a multi-device Btrfs file system.All Btrfs-specific options are contained in the
btrfs_optionsresource of aCT_BTRFSdrive.
4.5.10 NFS Configuration #
AutoYaST allows to install SUSE Linux Enterprise Server onto
Network File System (NFS) shares. To do so, you have
to create a drive with the CT_NFS type and provide the
NFS share name (SERVER:PATH) as device name.
The information relative to the mount point is included as part of its first
partition section. Note that for an NFS drive, only the first partition is
taken into account.
For more information on how to configure an NFS client and server after the system has been installed, refer to Section 4.19, “NFS Client and Server”.
<partitioning config:type="list">
<drive>
<device>192.168.1.1:/exports/root_fs</device>
<type config:type="symbol">CT_NFS</type>
<use>all</use>
<partitions config:type="list">
<partition>
<mount>/</mount>
<fstopt>nolock</fstopt>
</partition>
</partitions>
</drive>
</partitioning>4.5.11 IBM Z Specific Configuration #
4.5.11.1 Configuring DASD Disks #
The elements listed below must be placed within the following XML structure:
<dasd> <devices config:type="list"> <listentry> ... </listentry> </devices> </dasd>
tags in the <profile> section. Each disk needs to be configured in a separate <listentry> ... </listentry> section.
deviceDASDis the only value allowed<device>DASD</dev_name>
dev_nameThe device (
dasdN) you want to configure in this section.<dev_name>/dev/dasda</dev_name>
Optional but recommended. If left out, AutoYaST tries to guess the device.
channelChannel by which the disk is accessed.
<channel>0.0.0150</channel>
Mandatory.
diagEnable or disable the use of
DIAG. Possible values aretrue(enable) orfalse(disable).<diagconfig:type="boolean">true</diag>
Optional.
4.5.11.2 Configuring zFCP disks #
The following elements must be placed within the following XML structure:
<profile>
<zfcp>
<devices config:type="list">
<listentry>
...
</listentry>
</devices>
</zfcp>
<profile>
Each disk needs to be configured in a separate
listentry section.
- controller_id
Channel number
<controller_id>0.0.fc00</controller_id>
The controller_id element is required.
There are two optional elements, wwpn
(Worldwide Port Number, the target port through which the SCSI device
is attached), and fcp_lun
(logical unit number of the SCSI device). It is not necessary to
specify these for FCP devices running in NPIV (Node Port ID
Virtualization) mode, and when the zfcp module parameter
allow_lun_scan is set to 1 (the default setting),
which enables automatic LUN scanning by the zfcp device driver.
If automatic LUN scanning is not available, set the
wwpn and fcp_lun options
manually.
- wwpn
Worldwide port number
<wwpn>0x500507630300c562</wwpn>
- fcp_lun
Logical unit number
<fcp_lun>0x4010403200000000</fcp_lun>
See the IBM documentation for more information, https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/linux-on-systems?topic=wsd-configuring-devices.
4.6 iSCSI Initiator Overview #
Using the iscsi-client resource, you can configure
the target machine as an iSCSI client.
<iscsi-client>
<initiatorname>iqn.2013-02.de.suse:01:e229358d2dea</initiatorname>
<targets config:type="list">
<listentry>
<authmethod>None</authmethod>
<portal>192.168.1.1:3260</portal>
<startup>onboot</startup>
<target>iqn.2001-05.com.doe:test</target>
<iface>default</iface>
</listentry>
</targets>
<version>1.0</version>
</iscsi-client>initiatornameInitiatorNameis a value from/etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi. In case you have iBFT, this value will be added from there and you are only able to change it in the BIOS setup.versionVersion of the YaST module. Default: 1.0
targetsList of targets. Each entry contains:
authmethodAuthentication method: None/CHAPportalPortal addressstartupValue: manual/onboottargetTarget nameifaceInterface name
4.7 Fibre Channel over Ethernet Configuration (FCoE) #
Using the fcoe_cfg resource, you can configure
a Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE).
<fcoe-client>
<fcoe_cfg>
<DEBUG>no</DEBUG>
<USE_SYSLOG>yes</USE_SYSLOG>
</fcoe_cfg>
<interfaces config:type="list">
<listentry>
<dev_name>eth3</dev_name>
<mac_addr>01:000:000:000:42:42</mac_addr>
<device>Gigabit 1313</device>
<vlan_interface>200</vlan_interface>
<fcoe_vlan>eth3.200</fcoe_vlan>
<fcoe_enable>yes</fcoe_enable>
<dcb_required>yes</dcb_required>
<auto_vlan>no</auto_vlan>
<dcb_capable>no</dcb_capable>
<cfg_device>eth3.200</cfg_device>
</listentry>
</interfaces>
<service_start>
<fcoe config:type="boolean">true</fcoe>
<lldpad config:type="boolean">true</lldpad>
</service_start>
</fcoe-client>fcoe_cfgDEBUGis used to enable or disable debugging messages from the fcoe service script and fcoemon.USE_SYSLOGmessages are sent to the system log if set to yes.yes/no
interfacesList of network cards including the status of VLAN and FCoE configuration.
service_startEnable or disable the start of the services
fcoeandlldpadboot time.Starting the
fcoeservice means starting the Fibre Channel over Ethernet service daemonfcoemonwhich controls the FCoE interfaces and establishes a connection with thelldpaddaemon.The
lldpadservice provides the Link Layer Discovery Protocol agent daemonlldpad, which informsfcoemonabout DCB (Data Center Bridging) features and configuration of the interfaces.yes/no
4.8 Country Settings #
Language, timezone, and keyboard settings.
<language> <language>en_GB</language> <languages>de_DE,en_US</languages> </language>
|
Attribute |
Description |
Values |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Primary language |
A list of available languages can be found under
|
|
|
Secondary languages separated by commas |
A list of available languages can be found under
|
If the configured value for the primary language is unknown, it will be reset
to the default, en_US.
<timezone>
<hwclock>UTC</hwclock>
<timezone>Europe/Berlin</timezone>
</timezone>|
Attribute |
Description |
Values |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Whether the hardware clock uses local time or UTC |
localtime/UTC |
|
|
Timezone |
A list of available time zones can be found under
|
<keyboard>
<keymap>german</keymap>
</keyboard>|
Attribute |
Description |
Values |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Keyboard layout |
Keymap-code values or keymap-alias values are valid.
A list of available entries can be found in
|
4.9 Software #
4.9.1 Product Selection #
Starting with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15, all products are distributed using a single
installation medium. Therefore you need to choose which product to install
by using the product tag.
The available values for the product tag are:
- SLES
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
- SLE_HPC
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing
- SLE_RT
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time
- SLES_SAP
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications
- SLED
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop
- SUSE-Manager-Server
SUSE Manager Server
- SUSE-Manager-Retail-Branch-Server
SUSE Manager for Retail
- SUSE-Manager-Proxy
SUSE Manager Proxy
In the following example, SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop is the chosen product:
<software>
<products config:type="list">
<product>SLED</product>
</products>
</software>In special cases, the medium might contain only one product. If so, you do not need to select a product explicitly as described above. AutoYaST will select the only available product automatically.
If you are using or migrating an AutoYaST configuration file from an older version of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, be aware that there are some special considerations. For details, refer to Section D.1, “Product Selection”.
4.9.2 Package Selection with Patterns and Packages Sections #
Patterns or packages are configured like this:
<software>
<patterns config:type="list">
<pattern>directory_server</pattern>
</patterns>
<packages config:type="list">
<package>apache</package>
<package>postfix</package>
</packages>
<do_online_update config:type="boolean">true</do_online_update>
</software>The values are real package or pattern names. If the package name has been changed because of an upgrade, you will need to adapt these settings too.
It is possible to specify package and pattern names using regular expressions. In that case,
AutoYaST will select all packages or patterns that match the expression. Beware that such
expressions must be enclosed within slashes. In
Example 4.29, “Packages selection using a regular expression”, all packages whose name starts with
nginx will be selected (e.g., nginx and
nginx-macros).
<software>
<packages config:type="list">
<package>/nginx.*/</package>
</packages>
</software>4.9.3 Installing Additional/Customized Packages or Products #
In addition to the packages available for installation on the DVD-ROMs, you can add external packages including customized kernels. Customized kernel packages must be compatible to the SUSE packages and must install the kernel files to the same locations.
Unlike in earlier in versions, you do not need a special resource in the control file to install custom and external packages. Instead you need to re-create the package database and update it with any new packages or new package versions in the source repository.
A script is provided for this task which will query packages available
in the repository and create the package database. Use the command
/usr/bin/create_package_descr. It can be found in
the inst-source-utils package in the openSUSE Build Service.
When creating the database, all languages will be reset to English.
The unpacked DVD is located in /usr/local/DVDs/LATEST.
>cp /tmp/inst-source-utils-2016.7.26-1.2.noarch.rpm /usr/local/DVDs/LATEST/suse/noarch>cd /usr/local/DVDs/LATEST/suse>create_package_descr -d /usr/local/CDs/LATEST/suse
In the above example, the directory
/usr/local/CDs/LATEST/suse contains the
architecture dependent (for example x86_64) and
architecture independent packages (noarch). This
might look different on other architectures.
The advantage of this method is that you can keep an up-to-date repository with fixed and updated package. Additionally this method makes the creation of custom CD-ROMs easier.
To add your own module such as the SDK (SUSE Software Development Kit), add a file
add_on_products.xml to the installation source in the
root directory.
The following example shows how the SDK module can be added to the base product
repository. The complete SDK repository will be stored in the directory
/sdk.
add_on_products.xml
#This file describes an SDK module included in the base product.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<add_on_products xmlns="http://www.suse.com/1.0/yast2ns"
xmlns:config="http://www.suse.com/1.0/configns">
<product_items config:type="list">
<product_item>
<name>SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit</name>
<url>relurl:////sdk?alias=SLE_SDK</url>
<path>/</path>
<-- Users are asked whether to add such a product -->
<ask_user config:type="boolean">false</ask_user>
<-- Defines the default state of pre-selected state in case of ask_user used. -->
<selected config:type="boolean">true</selected>
</product_item>
</product_items>
</add_on_products>Besides this special case, all other modules, extensions and add-on products can be added from almost every other location during an AutoYaST installation.
Even repositories which do not have any product or module information
can be added during the installation. These are called other add-ons.
<add-on>
<add_on_products config:type="list">
<listentry>
<media_url>cd:///sdk</media_url>
<product>sle-sdk</product>
<alias>SLE SDK</alias>
<product_dir>/</product_dir>
<priority config:type="integer">20</priority>
<ask_on_error config:type="boolean">false</ask_on_error>
<confirm_license config:type="boolean">false</confirm_license>
<name>SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit</name>
</listentry>
</add_on_products>
<add_on_others config:type="list">
<listentry>
<media_url>https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/YaST:/Head/openSUSE_Leap_15.2/</media_url>
<alias>yast2_head</alias>
<priority config:type="integer">30</priority>
<name>Latest YaST2 packages from OBS</name>
</listentry>
</add_on_others>
</add-on>
The add_on_others and add_on_products sections support
the same values:
media_urlProduct URL. Can have the prefix
cd:///,http://,ftp://, etc. This entry is mandatory.If you use a multi-product medium such as the SUSE Linux Enterprise Packages DVD, then the URL path should point to the root directory of the multi-product medium. The specific product directory is selected using the
product_dirvalue (see below).productInternal product name if the add-on is a product. The command
zypper productsshows the names of installed products.aliasRepository alias name. Defined by the user.
product_dirOptional subpath. This should only be used for multi-product media such as the SUSE Linux Enterprise Packages DVD.
prioritySets the repository libzypp priority. Priority of 1 is the highest. The higher the number, the lower the priority. Default is 99.
ask_on_errorAutoYaST can ask the user to make add-on products, modules or extensions available instead of reporting a time-out error when no repository can be found at the given location. Set ask_on_error to
true(the default isfalse).confirm_licenseThe user needs to confirm the license. Default is
false.nameRepository name. The command
zypper lrshows the names of added repositories.
To use unsigned installation sources with AutoYaST, turn off the checks with the following configuration in your AutoYaST control file.
You can only disable signature checking during the first stage of the auto-installation process. In stage two, the installed system's configuration takes precedence over AutoYaST configuration.
The elements listed below must be placed within the following XML structure:
<general>
<signature-handling>
...
</signature-handling>
</general>
Default values for all options are false. If an
option is set to false and a package or repository
fails the respective test, it is silently ignored and will not be
installed. Note that setting any of these options to
true is a potential security risk. Never do it when
using packages or repositories from third party sources.
accept_unsigned_fileIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept unsigned files like the content file.<accept_unsigned_file config:type="boolean">true</accept_unsigned_file>
accept_file_without_checksumIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept files without a checksum in the content file.<accept_file_without_checksum config:type="boolean">true</accept_file_without_checksum>
accept_verification_failedIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept signed files even when the verification of the signature failed.<accept_verification_failed config:type="boolean">true</accept_verification_failed>
accept_unknown_gpg_keyIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept new GPG keys of the installation sources, for example the key used to sign the content file.<accept_unknown_gpg_key config:type="boolean">true</accept_unknown_gpg_key>
accept_non_trusted_gpg_keySet this option to
trueto accept known keys you have not yet trusted.<accept_non_trusted_gpg_key config:type="boolean">true</accept_non_trusted_gpg_key>
import_gpg_keyIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept and import new GPG keys on the installation source in its database.<import_gpg_key config:type="boolean">true</import_gpg_key>
It is possible to configure the signature handling for each add-on
product, module, or extension individually. The following elements must
be between the signature-handling section of the
individual add-on product, module, or extension. All settings are
optional. If not configured, the global signature-handling from the
general section is used.
accept_unsigned_fileIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept unsigned files like the content file for this add-on product.<accept_unsigned_file config:type="boolean">true</accept_unsigned_file>
accept_file_without_checksumIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept files without a checksum in the content file for this add-on.<accept_file_without_checksum config:type="boolean">true</accept_file_without_checksum>
accept_verification_failedIf set to
true, AutoYaST will accept signed files even when the verification of the signature fails.<accept_verification_failed config:type="boolean">true</accept_verification_failed>
accept_unknown_gpg_keyIf
allis set totrue, AutoYaST will accept new GPG keys on the installation source.<accept_unknown_gpg_key> <all config:type="boolean">true</all> </accept_unknown_gpg_key>
Otherwise you can define single keys too.
<accept_unknown_gpg_key> <all config:type="boolean">false</all> <keys config:type="list"> <keyid>3B3011B76B9D6523</keyid> </keys> </accept_unknown_gpg_key>accept_non_trusted_gpg_keyThis means, the key is known, but it is not trusted by you.
You can trust all keys by adding:
<accept_non_trusted_gpg_key> <all config:type="boolean">true</all> </accept_non_trusted_gpg_key>
Or you can trust specific keys:
<accept_non_trusted_gpg_key> <all config:type="boolean">false</all> <keys config:type="list"> <keyid>3B3011B76B9D6523</keyid> </keys> </accept_non_trusted_gpg_key>import_gpg_keyIf
allis set totrue, AutoYaST will accept and import all new GPG keys on the installation source into its database.<import_gpg_key> <all config:type="boolean">true</all> </import_gpg_key>
This can be done for specific keys only:
<import_gpg_key> <all config:type="boolean">false</all> <keys config:type="list"> <keyid>3B3011B76B9D6523</keyid> </keys> </import_gpg_key>
4.9.4 Kernel Packages #
Kernel packages are not part of any selection. The required kernel is determined during installation. If the kernel package is added to any selection or to the individual package selection, installation will mostly fail because of conflicts.
To force the installation of a specific kernel, use the
kernel property. The following is an example of
forcing the installation of the default kernel. This kernel will be
installed even if an SMP or other kernel is required.
<software> <kernel>kernel-default</kernel> ... </software>
4.9.5 Removing Automatically Selected Packages #
Some packages are selected automatically either because of a dependency or because it is available in a selection.
Removing these packages might break the system consistency, and it is not
recommended to remove basic packages unless a replacement which
provides the same services is provided. The best example for this case
are mail transfer agent (MTA) packages. By default,
postfix will be selected and installed. To use another MTA like sendmail, then
postfix can be removed from the list of selected package using a list
in the software resource. However, note that sendmail is not shipped
with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. The following example shows how this can be
done:
<software>
<packages config:type="list">
<package>sendmail</package>
</packages>
<remove-packages config:type="list">
<package>postfix</package>
</remove-packages>
</software>Note that it is not possible to remove a package that is part of a pattern (see Section 4.9.2, “Package Selection with Patterns and Packages Sections”). When specifying such a package for removal, the installation will fail with the following error message:
The package resolver run failed. Check
your software section in the AutoYaST profile.4.9.6 Installing recommended packages and patterns #
AutoYaST enables you to control which recommended packages and patterns are installed. There are three options:
Install all recommended packages and patterns
Install only required packages and patterns
Install recommended packages, ignore recommended patterns
Set the install_recommended flag to
true in the configuration file to install
all recommended packages and patterns.
If you want just a minimal installation and to install only
required packages and patterns,
set the flag to false.
Omit the flag from the configuration file to install only recommended packages, and ignore all recommended patterns. Note that this flag only affects a fresh installation and will be ignored during an upgrade.
<software> <install_recommended config:type="boolean">false </install_recommended> </software>
Default: If this flag has not been set in the
configuration file, all recommended
packages and no recommended
pattern will be installed.
4.9.7 Installing Packages in Stage 2 #
To install packages after the reboot during stage two, you can
use the post-packages element for that:
<software>
<post-packages config:type="list">
<package>yast2-cim</package>
</post-packages>
</software>4.9.8 Installing Patterns in Stage 2 #
You can also install patterns in stage 2. Use the
post-patterns element for that:
<software>
<post-patterns config:type="list">
<pattern>apparmor</pattern>
</post-patterns>
</software>4.9.9 Online Update in Stage 2 #
You can perform an online update at the end of the installation. Set
the boolean do_online_update to
true. Of course this only makes sense if you add an
online update repository in the suse-register/customer-center section,
for example, or in a post-script. If the online update repository was
already available in stage one via the add-on section, then AutoYaST has
already installed the latest packages available. If a kernel update is
done via online-update, a reboot at the end of stage two is triggered.
<software> <do_online_update config:type="boolean">true</do_online_update> </software>
4.10 Upgrade #
AutoYaST can also be used for doing a system upgrade. Besides upgrade packages, the following sections are supported too:
scripts/pre-scriptsRunning user scripts very early, before anything else really happens.add-onDefining an additional add-on product.languageSetting language.timezoneSetting timezone.keyboardSetting keyboard.softwareInstalling additional software/patterns. Removing installed packages.suse_registerRunning registration process.
To control the upgrade process the following sections can be defined:
<upgrade>
<stop_on_solver_conflict config:type="boolean">true</stop_on_solver_conflict>
</upgrade>
<backup>
<sysconfig config:type="boolean">true</sysconfig>
<modified config:type="boolean">true</modified>
<remove_old config:type="boolean">true</remove_old>
</backup>|
Element |
Description |
Comment |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Halt installation if there are package dependency issues. | |
|
|
Create backup of modified files. | |
|
|
Create backup of | |
|
|
Remove backups from previous updates. |
To start the AutoYaST upgrade mode, you need:
Copy the AutoYaST profile to
/root/autoupg.xmlon its file system.Boot the system from the installation medium.
Select the
Installationmenu item.On the command line, set
autoupgrade=1.Press Enter to start the upgrade process.
Boot the system from the installation media.
Select the
Installationmenu item.On the command line, set
netsetup=dhcp autoupgrade=1 autoyast=http://192.169.3.1/autoyast.xml.Here, network will be set up via DHCP.
Press Enter to start the upgrade process.
4.11 Services and Targets #
With the services-manager resource you can set
the default systemd target and specify in detail which system
services you want to start or deactivate and how to start them.
The default-target property specifies the default
systemd target into which the system boots. Valid options are
graphical for a graphical login, or
multi-user for a console login.
To specify the set of services that should be started on boot, use
the enable and disable lists.
To start a service, add its name to the enable
list. To make sure that the service is not started on boot, add it
to the disable list.
If a service is not listed as enabled or disabled, a default setting is used. The default setting may be either disabled or enabled.
Finally, some services like cups support on-demand
activation (socket activated services). If you want to take advantage of
such a feature, list the names of those services in the
on_demand list instead of enable.
<services-manager>
<default_target>multi-user</default_target>
<services>
<disable config:type="list">
<service>libvirtd</service>
</disable>
<enable config:type="list">
<service>sshd</service>
</enable>
<on_demand config:type="list">
<service>cups</service>
</on_demand>
</services>
</services-manager>4.12 Network Configuration #
4.12.1 Configuration Workflow #
Network configuration is mainly used to connect a single workstation to an
Ethernet-based LAN. It is commonly configured before AutoYaST starts,
to fetch the profile from a network location. This network
configuration is usually done through linuxrc
linuxrc program
For a detailed description of how linuxrc works and its
keywords, see Appendix C, Advanced linuxrc Options.
By default, YaST copies the network settings that were used during the installation into the final, installed system. This configuration is merged with the one defined in the AutoYaST profile.
AutoYaST settings have higher priority than any existing configuration files.
YaST will write ifcfg-* files based on the entries in the profile
without removing old ones. If the DNS and routing section is empty or missing,
YaST will keep any pre-existing values. Otherwise, it applies the settings from
the profile file.
If network settings are needed during the installation, you
can force AutoYaST to write and apply them before registration takes
place by setting the setup_before_proposal option to
true.
Asking AutoYaST to set up the network in the early stages is useful when
installation on a network is needed, but the configuration is too complex to
define it using linuxrc (see Section 6.3.2, “Auto-installing a Single System”).
<setup_before_proposal config:type="boolean">true</setup_before_proposal>
If the configuration is written at the end of installation, it will not be applied until the system is rebooted.
Network settings and service activation are defined under the profile
networking global resource.
4.12.2 The Network Resource #
<networking>
<dns>
<dhcp_hostname config:type="boolean">true</dhcp_hostname>
<hostname>linux-bqua</hostname>
<nameservers config:type="list">
<nameserver>192.168.1.116</nameserver>
<nameserver>192.168.1.117</nameserver>
<nameserver>192.168.1.118</nameserver>
</nameservers>
<resolv_conf_policy>auto</resolv_conf_policy>
<searchlist config:type="list">
<search>example.com</search>
<search>example.net</search>
</searchlist>
</dns>
<interfaces config:type="list">
<interface>
<bootproto>dhcp</bootproto>
<name>eth0</name>
<startmode>auto</startmode>
</interface>
</interfaces>
<ipv6 config:type="boolean">true</ipv6>
<keep_install_network config:type="boolean">false</keep_install_network>
#false means use Wicked, true means use NetworkManager
<managed config:type="boolean">false</managed>
<managed config:type="boolean">false</managed>
<net-udev config:type="list">
<rule>
<name>eth0</name>
<rule>ATTR{address}</rule>
<value>00:30:6E:08:EC:80</value>
</rule>
</net-udev>
<s390-devices config:type="list">
<listentry>
<chanids>0.0.0800:0.0.0801:0.0.0802</chanids>
<type>qeth</type>
</listentry>
</s390-devices>
<routing>
<ipv4_forward config:type="boolean">false</ipv4_forward>
<ipv6_forward config:type="boolean">false</ipv6_forward>
<routes config:type="list">
<route>
<destination>192.168.100.0/24</destination>
<device>eth1</device>
<extrapara>scope link src 192.168.100.100 table one</extrapara>
<gateway>-</gateway>
</route>
<route>
<destination>default</destination>
<name>eth1</name>
<gateway>192.168.100.1</gateway>
</route>
<route>
<destination>default</destination>
<name>lo</name>
<gateway>192.168.5.1</gateway>
</route>
</routes>
</routing>
</networking>
As shown in the example above, the <networking>
section can be composed of a few subsections:
interfacesdescribes the configuration of the network interfaces, including their IP addresses, how they are started, etc.dnsspecifies DNS related settings, such as the host name, the list of name servers, etc.routingdefines the routing rules.s390-devicescovers z Systems-specific device settings.net-udevenumerates the udev rules used to set persistent names.
Additionally, there are a few elements that allow modifying how the network configuration is applied:
- backend
Selects the network back-end to be used. Supported values are
wicked,network_managerornone, the latter of which will disable the network service.<backend>network_manager</backend>
- keep_install_network
As described in Section 4.12.1, “Configuration Workflow”, by default, AutoYaST merges the network configuration from the running system with the one defined in the profile. If you want to use only the configuration from the profile, set this element to
false. The value istrueby default.<keep_install_network config:type="boolean">false</keep_install_network>
- managed
Determines whether to use NetworkManager instead of Wicked.
Deprecated. Use
backendinstead.<managed config:type="boolean">true</managed>
- start_immediately
Forces AutoYaST to restart the network just after writing the configuration.
<start_immediately config:type="boolean">true</start_immediately>
- setup_before_proposal
Use the network configuration defined in the profile during the installation process. Otherwise, AutoYaST relies on the configuration set by
linuxrc.<setup_before_proposal config:type="boolean">true</setup_before_proposal>
- strict_IP_check_timeout
After setting up the network, AutoYaST checks whether the assigned IP address is duplicated. In that case, it shows a warning whose timeout in seconds is controlled by this element. If it is set to
0, the installation is stopped.<strict_IP_check_timeout config:type="integer">5</strict_IP_check_timeout>
- virt_bridge_proposal
AutoYaST configures a bridge when a virtualization package is selected to be installed (e.g., Xen, QEMU or KVM). You can disable such a behaviour by setting this element to
false.<virt_bridge_proposal config:type="boolean">false</virt_bridge_proposal>
Using IPv6 addresses in AutoYaST is fully supported. To disable IPv6 Address Support, set <ipv6 config:type="boolean">false</ipv6>
As shown in the example above, the <networking> section can be
composed of a few subsections:
interfacesdescribes the configuration of the network interfaces, including their IP addresses, how they are started, etc.dnsspecifies DNS related settings, such as the host name, the list of name servers, etc.routingdefines the routing rules.s390-devicescovers s390-specific device settings.net-udevenumerates the udev rules used to set persistent names.
Additionally, there are a few elements that allow modifying how the network configuration is applied:
- keep_install_network
As described in Section 4.12.1, “Configuration Workflow”, by default, AutoYaST merges the network configuration from the running system with the one defined in the profile. If you want to use just the configuration from the profile, set this element to
false. The value istrueby default.<keep_install_network config:type="boolean">false<keep_install_network>
- managed
Determines whether to use NetworkManager instead of Wicked.
<managed config:type="boolean">true>managed<
- start_immediately
Forces AutoYaST to restart the network just after writing the configuration.
<start_immediately config:type="boolean">true<start_immediately>
- setup_before_proposal
Use the network configuration defined in the profile during the installation process. Otherwise, AutoYaST relies on the configuration set by
linuxrc.<setup_before_proposal config:type="boolean">true<setup_before_proposal>
- strict_IP_check_timeout
After setting up the network, AutoYaST checks whether the assigned IP address is duplicated. In that, it shows a warning whose timeout is controlled by this element. If it is set to
0, the installation is stopped.<strict_IP_check_timeout config:type="integer">5<strict_IP_check_timeout>
Using IPv6 addresses in AutoYaST is fully supported. To disable IPv6 Address Support, set <ipv6 config:type="boolean">false</ipv6>
4.12.3 Interfaces #
The interfaces section allows the user to define the
configuration of interfaces, including how they are started, their IP
addresses, networks, and more. The following elements must be enclosed
in <interfaces>...</interfaces>
tags.
bootprotoBoot protocol used by the interface. Possible values:
staticfor statically assigned addresses. It is required to specify the IP using theipaddrelement.dhcp4,dhcp6ordhcpfor setting the IP address with DHCP (IPv4, IPv6 or any).dhcp+autoipto get the IPv4 configuration from Zeroconf and get IPv6 from DHCP.autoipto get the IPv4 configuration from Zeroconf.ibftto get the IP address using the iBFT protocol.noneto skip setting an address. This value is used for bridges and bonding slaves.
Required.
broadcastBroadcast IP address.
Used only with
staticboot protocol.deviceDevice name.
Deprecated. Use
nameinstead.nameDevice name, for example:
eth0.Required.
ipaddrIP address assigned to the interface.
Used only with
staticboot protocol. It can include a network prefix, for example:192.168.1.1/24.remote_ipaddrRemote IP address for point-to-point connections.
Used only with
staticboot protocol.netmaskNetwork mask, for example:
255.255.255.0.Deprecated. Use
prefixleninstead or include the network prefix in theipaddrelement.networkNetwork IP address.
Deprecated. Use
ipaddrwithprefixleninstead.prefixlenNetwork prefix, for example:
24.Used only with
staticboot protocol.startmodeWhen to bring up an interface. Possible values are:
hotplugwhen the device is plugged in. Useful for USB network cards, for example.autowhen the system boots.onbootis a deprecated alias.ifplugdwhen the device is managed by theifplugddaemon.manualwhen the device is supposed to be started manually.nfsrootwhen the device is needed to mount the root file system, for example, when/is on an NFS volume.offto never start the device.
ifplugd_priorityPriority for
ifplugddaemon. It determines in which order the devices are activated.Used only with
ifplugdstart mode.usercontrolParameter is no longer used.
Deprecated.
bonding_slaveXName of the bonding device.
Required for bonding devices.
Xis replaced by a number starting from 0, for examplebonding_slave0. Each slave needs to have a unique number.bonding_module_optsOptions for bonding device.
Used only with
bonddevice.mtuMaximum transmission unit for the interface.
Optional.
ethtool_optionsEthtool options during device activation.
Optional.
zoneFirewall zone name which the interface is assigned to.
Optional.
vlan_idIdentifier used for this VLAN.
Used only with a
vlandevice.etherdeviceDevice to which VLAN is attached.
Used only with a
vlandevice and required for it.bridgeyesif interface is a bridge.Deprecated. It is inferred from other attributes.
bridge_portsSpace-separated list of bridge ports, for example,
eth0 eth1.Used only with a
bridgedevice and required for it.bridge_stpSpanning tree protocol. Possible values are
on(when enabled) andoff(when disabled).Used only with a
bridgedevice.bridge_forward_delayForward delay for bridge, for example:
15.Used only with
bridgedevices. Valid values are between4and30.
<networking>
<setup_before_proposal config:type="boolean">false</setup_before_proposal>
<keep_install_network config:type="boolean">false</keep_install_network>
<interfaces config:type="list">
<interface>
<bonding_master>yes</bonding_master>
<bonding_module_opts>mode=active-backup miimon=100</bonding_module_opts>
<bonding_slave0>eth1</bonding_slave0>
<bonding_slave1>eth2</bonding_slave1>
<bootproto>static</bootproto>
<name>bond0</name>
<ipaddr>192.168.1.61</ipaddr>
<prefixlen>24</prefixlen>
<startmode>auto</startmode>
</interface>
<interface>
<bootproto>none</bootproto>
<name>eth1</name>
<startmode>auto</startmode>
</interface>
<interface>
<bootproto>none</bootproto>
<name>eth2</name>
<startmode>auto</startmode>
</interface>
</interfaces>
<net-udev config:type="list">
<rule>
<name>eth1</name>
<rule>ATTR{address}</rule>
<value>dc:e4:cc:27:94:c7</value>
</rule>
<rule>
<name>eth2</name>
<rule>ATTR{address}</rule>
<value>dc:e4:cc:27:94:c8</value>
</rule>
</net-udev>
</networking><interfaces config:type="list">
<interface>
<device>br0</device>
<bootproto>static</bootproto>
<bridge>yes</bridge>
<bridge_forwarddelay>0</bridge_forwarddelay>
<bridge_ports>eth0 eth1</bridge_ports>
<bridge_stp>off</bridge_stp>
<ipaddr>192.168.1.100</ipaddr>
<netmask>255.255.255.0</netmask>
<network>192.168.1.0</network>
<prefixlen>24</prefixlen>
<startmode>auto</startmode>
</interface>
<interface>
<device>eth0</device>
<bootproto>none</bootproto>
<startmode>hotplug</startmode>
</interface>
<interface>
<device>eth1</device>
<bootproto>none</bootproto>
<startmode>hotplug</startmode>
</interface>
</interfaces>4.12.4 Persistent Names of Network Interfaces #
The net-udev element allows to specify a set of udev
rules that can be used to assign persistent names to interfaces.
|
Element |
Description |
Comment |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Network interface name, for example |
Required. |
|
|
|
Required. |
|
|
For example: |
Required. |
When creating an incomplete udev rule set, the
chosen device name can collide with existing device names. For
example, when renaming a network interface to eth0,
a collision with a device automatically generated by the kernel can
occur. AutoYaST tries to handle such cases in a best effort manner and
renames colliding devices.
<net-udev config:type="list">
<rule>
<name>eth1</name>
<rule>ATTR{address}</rule>
<value>52:54:00:68:54:fb</value>
</rule>
</net-udev>4.12.5 Domain Name System #
The dns section is used to define name-service related
settings, such as the host name or name servers.
- hostname
Host name, excluding the domain name part. For example: foo instead of foo.bar. The Linux kernel allows using the fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) in place of the host name, and so does YaST. However, this is not the correct usage in the dns section of YaST. The resolver should determine the FQDN. (See "THE FQDN" section of
man 1 hostnamefor information on how FQDNs are resolved.)If a host name is not specified and is not taken from a DHCP server (see
dhcp_hostname), AutoYaST will generate a random hostname.- nameservers
List of name servers. Example:
<nameservers config:type="list"> <nameserver>192.168.1.116</nameserver> <nameserver>192.168.1.117</nameserver> </nameservers>
searchlistSearch list for host name lookup.
<searchlist config:type="list"> <search>example.com</search> </searchlist>
Optional.
dhcp_hostnameSpecifies whether the host name must be taken from DHCP or not.
<dhcp_hostname config:type="boolean">true</dhcp_hostname>
4.12.6 Routing #
The routing table allows to specify a list of routes
and the packet forwarding settings for IPv4 and IPv6.
|
Element |
Description |
Comment |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Whether IP forwarding must be enabled for IPv4. |
Optional. |
|
|
Whether IP forwarding must be enabled for IPv6. |
Optional. |
|
|
List of routes. |
Optional. |
The following settings describe how routes are defined.
- destination
Required: Route destination. An address prefix can be specified, for example:
192.168.122.0/24.The heading
defaultcan be used to indicate that the route is the default gateway in the same address family (ipv4 or ipv6) as the gateway- device
Required: Interface associated to the route.
- gateway
Optional: Gateway's IP address.
- netmask
(Deprecated.) Destination's netmask.
Specifying the prefix as part of the
destinationvalue is preferred.- extrapara
Optional: Further route options like the
metric,mtuortable.
<routing>
<ipv4_forward config:type="boolean">true</ipv4_forward>
<ipv6_forward config:type="boolean">true</ipv6_forward>
<routes config:type="list">
<route>
<destination>192.168.100.0/24</destination>
<device>eth1</device>
<extrapara>scope link src 192.168.100.100 table one</extrapara>
</route>
<route>
<destination>default</destination>
<device>eth1</device>
<gateway>192.168.100.1</gateway>
</route>
<route>
<destination>default</destination>
<device>lo</device>
<gateway>192.168.5.1</gateway>
</route>
</routes>
</routing>4.12.7 s390 Options #
The following elements must be between the <s390-devices>...</s390-devices> tags.
- type
qeth, ctc or iucv
- chanids
channel ids separated by a colon (preferred) or a space
<chanids>0.0.0700:0.0.0701:0.0.0702</chanids>
- layer2
<layer2 config:type="boolean">true</layer2>
boolean; default: false
- portname
QETH port name (deprecated since SLE 12 SP2)
- protocol
CTC / LCS protocol, a small number (as a string)
<protocol>1</protocol>
optional
- router
IUCV router/user
In addition to the options mentioned above, AutoYaST also supports
IBM Z-specific options in other sections of the configuration file.
In particular, you can define the logical link address, or LLADDR (in
the case of Ethernet, that is the MAC address). To do so, use the option
LLADDR in the device definition.
VLAN devices inherit their LLADDR from the underlying physical devices. To set a particular address for a VLAN device, set the LLADDR option for the underlying physical device.
4.12.8 Proxy #
Configure your Internet proxy (caching) settings.
Configure proxies for HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP with
http_proxy, https_proxy
and ftp_proxy, respectively. Addresses or names that
should be directly accessible need to be specified with
no_proxy (space separated values). If you are using
a proxy server with authorization, fill in
proxy_user and proxy_password,
<proxy> <enabled config:type="boolean">true</enabled> <ftp_proxy>http://192.168.1.240:3128</ftp_proxy> <http_proxy>http://192.168.1.240:3128</http_proxy> <no_proxy>www.example.com .example.org localhost</no_proxy> <proxy_password>testpw</proxy_password> <proxy_user>testuser</proxy_user> </proxy>
4.13 NIS Client and Server #
Using the nis resource, you can configure the target
machine as a NIS client. The following example shows a detailed
configuration using multiple domains.
<nis>
<nis_broadcast config:type="boolean">true</nis_broadcast>
<nis_broken_server config:type="boolean">true</nis_broken_server>
<nis_domain>test.com</nis_domain>
<nis_local_only config:type="boolean">true</nis_local_only>
<nis_options></nis_options>
<nis_other_domains config:type="list">
<nis_other_domain>
<nis_broadcast config:type="boolean">false</nis_broadcast>
<nis_domain>domain.com</nis_domain>
<nis_servers config:type="list">
<nis_server>10.10.0.1</nis_server>
</nis_servers>
</nis_other_domain>
</nis_other_domains>
<nis_servers config:type="list">
<nis_server>192.168.1.1</nis_server>
</nis_servers>
<start_autofs config:type="boolean">true</start_autofs>
<start_nis config:type="boolean">true</start_nis>
</nis>4.14 NIS Server #
You can configure the target machine as a NIS server. NIS Master Server and NIS Slave Server and a combination of both are available.
<nis_server>
<domain>mydomain.de</domain>
<maps_to_serve config:type="list">
<nis_map>auto.master</nis_map>
<nis_map>ethers</nis_map>
</maps_to_serve>
<merge_passwd config:type="boolean">false</merge_passwd>
<mingid config:type="integer">0</mingid>
<minuid config:type="integer">0</minuid>
<nopush config:type="boolean">false</nopush>
<pwd_chfn config:type="boolean">false</pwd_chfn>
<pwd_chsh config:type="boolean">false</pwd_chsh>
<pwd_srcdir>/etc</pwd_srcdir>
<securenets config:type="list">
<securenet>
<netmask>255.0.0.0</netmask>
<network>127.0.0.0</network>
</securenet>
</securenets>
<server_type>master</server_type>
<slaves config:type="list"/>
<start_ypbind config:type="boolean">false</start_ypbind>
<start_yppasswdd config:type="boolean">false</start_yppasswdd>
<start_ypxfrd config:type="boolean">false</start_ypxfrd>
</nis_server>|
Attribute |
Values |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
NIS domain name. | |
|
|
List of maps which are available for the server. |
Values: auto.master, ethers, group, hosts, netgrp, networks, passwd, protocols, rpc, services, shadow |
|
|
Select if your passwd file should be merged with the shadow file (only possible if the shadow file exists). |
Value: true/false |
|
|
Minimum GID to include in the user maps. | |
|
|
Minimum UID to include in the user maps. | |
|
|
Do not push the changes to slave servers. (Useful if there are none). |
Value: true/false |
|
|
YPPWD_CHFN - allow changing the full name |
Value: true/false |
|
|
YPPWD_CHSH - allow changing the login shell |
Value: true/false |
|
|
YPPWD_SRCDIR - source directory for passwd data |
Default: |
|
|
List of allowed hosts to query the NIS server |
A host address will be allowed if network is equal to the bitwise AND of the host's address and the netmask. The entry with netmask 255.0.0.0 and network 127.0.0.0 must exist to allow connections from the local host. Entering netmask 0.0.0.0 and network 0.0.0.0 gives access to all hosts. |
|
|
Select whether to configure the NIS server as a master or a slave or not to configure a NIS server. |
Values: master, slave, none |
|
|
List of host names to configure as NIS server slaves. | |
|
|
This host is also a NIS client (only when client is configured locally). |
Value: true/false |
|
|
Also start the password daemon. |
Value: true/false |
|
|
Also start the map transfer daemon. Fast Map distribution; it will speed up the transfer of maps to the slaves. |
Value: true/false |
4.15 Hosts Definition #
Using the host resource, you can add more entries to
the /etc/hosts file. Already existing entries will not be
deleted. The following example shows details.
<host>
<hosts config:type="list">
<hosts_entry>
<host_address>133.3.0.1</host_address>
<names config:type="list">
<name>booking</name>
</names>
</hosts_entry>
<hosts_entry>
<host_address>133.3.0.5</host_address>
<names config:type="list">
<name>test-machine</name>
</names>
</hosts_entry>
</hosts>
</host>4.16 Windows Domain Membership #
Using the samba-client resource, you can configure
membership of a workgroup, NT domain, or Active Directory domain.
<samba-client>
<disable_dhcp_hostname config:type="boolean">true</disable_dhcp_hostname>
<global>
<security>domain</security>
<usershare_allow_guests>No</usershare_allow_guests>
<usershare_max_shares>100</usershare_max_shares>
<workgroup>WORKGROUP</workgroup>
</global>
<winbind config:type="boolean">false</winbind>
</samba-client>|
Attribute |
Values |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Do not allow DHCP to change the host name. |
Value: true/false |
|
|
Kind of authentication regime (domain technology or Active Directory server (ADS)). |
Value: ADS/domain |
|
|
Sharing guest access is allowed. |
Value: No/Yes |
|
|
Max. number of shares from |
0 means that shares are not enabled. |
|
|
Workgroup or domain name. | |
|
|
Using winbind. |
Value: true/false |
4.17 Samba Server #
Configuration of a simple Samba server.
<samba-server>
<accounts config:type="list"/>
<backend/>
<config config:type="list">
<listentry>
<name>global</name>
<parameters>
<security>domain</security>
<usershare_allow_guests>No</usershare_allow_guests>
<usershare_max_shares>100</usershare_max_shares>
<workgroup>WORKGROUP</workgroup>
</parameters>
</listentry>
</config>
<service>Disabled</service>
<trustdom/>
<version>2.11</version>
</samba-server>|
Attribute |
Values |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
List of Samba accounts. | |
|
|
List of available back-ends |
Value: true/false |
|
|
Setting additional user-defined parameters in |
The example shows parameters in the |
|
|
Samba service starts during boot. |
Value: Enabled/Disabled |
|
|
Trusted Domains. |
A map of two maps (keys: |
|
|
Samba version. |
Default: 2.11 |
4.18 Authentication Client #
The configuration file must be in the JSON format. Verify that both autoyast2 and autoyast2-installation are installed. Use the module in YaST to generate a valid JSON configuration file. Launch YaST and switch to the › . Choose › , click , and configure the available settings. Click when done. To save the generated configuration file, use › .
To use LDAP with native SSL (rather than TLS), add the
ldaps resource.
4.19 NFS Client and Server #
Configuring a system as an NFS client or an NFS server can be done using the configuration system. The following examples show how both NFS client and server can be configured.
From SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2 on, the structure of NFS client configuration has
changed. Some global configuration options were introduced:
enable_nfs4 to switch NFS4 support on/off and
idmapd_domain to define domain name for rpc.idmapd
(this only makes sense when NFS4 is enabled). Attention: the old
structure is not compatible with the new one and the control files with
an NFS section created on older releases will not work with newer
products.
For more information on how to install SUSE Linux Enterprise Server onto NFS shares, refer to Section 4.5.10, “NFS Configuration”.
<nfs>
<enable_nfs4 config:type="boolean">true</enable_nfs4>
<idmapd_domain>suse.cz</idmapd_domain>
<nfs_entries config:type="list">
<nfs_entry>
<mount_point>/home</mount_point>
<nfs_options>sec=krb5i,intr,rw</nfs_options>
<server_path>saurus.suse.cz:/home</server_path>
<vfstype>nfs4</vfstype>
</nfs_entry>
<nfs_entry>
<mount_point>/work</mount_point>
<nfs_options>defaults</nfs_options>
<server_path>bivoj.suse.cz:/work</server_path>
<vfstype>nfs</vfstype>
</nfs_entry>
<nfs_entry>
<mount_point>/mnt</mount_point>
<nfs_options>defaults</nfs_options>
<server_path>fallback.suse.cz:/srv/dist</server_path>
<vfstype>nfs</vfstype>
</nfs_entry>
</nfs_entries>
</nfs><nfs_server>
<nfs_exports config:type="list">
<nfs_export>
<allowed config:type="list">
<allowed_clients>*(ro,root_squash,sync)</allowed_clients>
</allowed>
<mountpoint>/home</mountpoint>
</nfs_export>
<nfs_export>
<allowed config:type="list">
<allowed_clients>*(ro,root_squash,sync)</allowed_clients>
</allowed>
<mountpoint>/work</mountpoint>
</nfs_export>
</nfs_exports>
<start_nfsserver config:type="boolean">true</start_nfsserver>
</nfs_server>4.20 NTP Client #
Starting with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15, the NTP client profile has a new format and is not compatible with previous profiles. You need to update your NTP client profile used in prior SUSE Linux Enterprise Server versions to be compatible with version 15 and newer.
Following is an example of the NTP client configuration:
<ntp-client> <ntp_policy>auto</ntp_policy>1 <ntp_servers config:type="list"> <ntp_server> <address>cz.pool.ntp.org</address>2 <iburst config:type="boolean">false</iburst>3 <offline config:type="boolean">false</offline>4 </ntp_server> </ntp_servers> <ntp_sync>15</ntp_sync>5 </ntp-client>
The | |
URL of the time server or pool of time servers. | |
| |
When the | |
For |
The following example illustrates an IPv6 configuration. You may use the server's IP address, host name, or both:
<ntp-server> <address>2001:418:3ff::1:53</address> </ntp-server> <ntp-server> <address>2.pool.ntp.org</address> </ntp-server>
4.21 Mail Server Configuration #
For the mail configuration of the client, this module lets you create a detailed mail configuration. The module contains various options. We recommended you use it at least for the initial configuration.
<mail>
<aliases config:type="list">
<alias>
<alias>root</alias>
<comment></comment>
<destinations>foo</destinations>
</alias>
<alias>
<alias>test</alias>
<comment></comment>
<destinations>foo</destinations>
</alias>
</aliases>
<connection_type config:type="symbol">permanent</connection_type>
<fetchmail config:type="list">
<fetchmail_entry>
<local_user>foo</local_user>
<password>bar</password>
<protocol>POP3</protocol>
<remote_user>foo</remote_user>
<server>pop.foo.com</server>
</fetchmail_entry>
<fetchmail_entry>
<local_user>test</local_user>
<password>bar</password>
<protocol>IMAP</protocol>
<remote_user>test</remote_user>
<server>blah.com</server>
</fetchmail_entry>
</fetchmail>
<from_header>test.com</from_header>
<listen_remote config:type="boolean">true</listen_remote>
<local_domains config:type="list">
<domains>test1.com</domains>
</local_domains>
<masquerade_other_domains config:type="list">
<domain>blah.com</domain>
</masquerade_other_domains>
<masquerade_users config:type="list">
<masquerade_user>
<address>joe@test.com</address>
<comment></comment>
<user>joeuser</user>
</masquerade_user>
<masquerade_user>
<address>bar@test.com</address>
<comment></comment>
<user>foo</user>
</masquerade_user>
</masquerade_users>
<mta config:type="symbol">postfix</mta>
<outgoing_mail_server>test.com</outgoing_mail_server>
<postfix_mda config:type="symbol">local</postfix_mda>
<smtp_auth config:type="list">
<listentry>
<password>bar</password>
<server>test.com</server>
<user>foo</user>
</listentry>
</smtp_auth>
<use_amavis config:type="boolean">true</use_amavis>
<virtual_users config:type="list">
<virtual_user>
<alias>test.com</alias>
<comment></comment>
<destinations>foo.com</destinations>
</virtual_user>
<virtual_user>
<alias>geek.com</alias>
<comment></comment>
<destinations>bar.com</destinations>
</virtual_user>
</virtual_users>
</mail>4.22 Apache HTTP Server Configuration #
This section is used for configuration of an Apache HTTP server.
For less experienced users, we would suggest to configure the Apache
server using the HTTP server YaST module. After that,
call the AutoYaST configuration module,
select the HTTP server YaST module and clone the
Apache settings. These settings can be exported via the menu
File.
<http-server>
<Listen config:type="list">
<listentry>
<ADDRESS/>
<PORT>80</PORT>
</listentry>
</Listen>
<hosts config:type="list">
<hosts_entry>
<KEY>main</KEY>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>DocumentRoot</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
#
# Global configuration that will be applicable for all
# virtual hosts, unless deleted here or overriden elsewhere.
#
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>"/srv/www/htdocs"</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
#
# Configure the DocumentRoot
#
</OVERHEAD>
<SECTIONNAME>Directory</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>"/srv/www/htdocs"</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Options</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch
# ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly*
# --- "Options All"
# does not give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important.
# Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>None</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>AllowOverride</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in
# .htaccess files. It can be "All", "None", or any combination
# of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>None</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
</OVERHEAD>
<SECTIONNAME>IfModule</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>!mod_access_compat.c</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Require</KEY>
<VALUE>all granted</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<SECTIONNAME>IfModule</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>mod_access_compat.c</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Order</KEY>
<VALUE>allow,deny</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>Allow</KEY>
<VALUE>from all</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>Alias</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# Aliases: aliases can be added as needed (with no limit).
# The format is Alias fakename realname
#
# Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the
# server will require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons"
# is not aliased in this example, only "/icons/". If the fakename
# is slash-terminated, then the realname must also be slash
# terminated, and if the fakename omits the trailing slash, the
# realname must also omit it.
# We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings.
# If you do not use FancyIndexing, you may comment this out.
#
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>/icons/ "/usr/share/apache2/icons/"</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
</OVERHEAD>
<SECTIONNAME>Directory</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>"/usr/share/apache2/icons"</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Options</KEY>
<VALUE>Indexes MultiViews</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>AllowOverride</KEY>
<VALUE>None</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<SECTIONNAME>IfModule</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>!mod_access_compat.c</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Require</KEY>
<VALUE>all granted</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<SECTIONNAME>IfModule</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>mod_access_compat.c</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Order</KEY>
<VALUE>allow,deny</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>Allow</KEY>
<VALUE>from all</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>ScriptAlias</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server
# scripts. ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases,
# except that documents in the realname directory are treated
# as applications and run by the server when requested rather
# than as documents sent to the client.
# The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
# directives as to Alias.
#
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>/cgi-bin/ "/srv/www/cgi-bin/"</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# "/srv/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to wherever your
# ScriptAliased CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
</OVERHEAD>
<SECTIONNAME>Directory</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>"/srv/www/cgi-bin"</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>AllowOverride</KEY>
<VALUE>None</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>Options</KEY>
<VALUE>+ExecCGI -Includes</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<SECTIONNAME>IfModule</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>!mod_access_compat.c</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Require</KEY>
<VALUE>all granted</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<SECTIONNAME>IfModule</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>mod_access_compat.c</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>Order</KEY>
<VALUE>allow,deny</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>Allow</KEY>
<VALUE>from all</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a
# user's home directory if a ~user request is received.
# To disable it, simply remove userdir from the list of modules
# in APACHE_MODULES in /etc/sysconfig/apache2.
#
</OVERHEAD>
<SECTIONNAME>IfModule</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>mod_userdir.c</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>UserDir</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# Note that the name of the user directory ("public_html")
# cannot simply be changed here, since it is a compile time
# setting. The apache package would need to be rebuilt.
# You could work around by deleting /usr/sbin/suexec, but
# then all scripts from the directories would be executed
# with the UID of the webserver.
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>public_html</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>Include</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# The actual configuration of the directory is in
# /etc/apache2/mod_userdir.conf.
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>/etc/apache2/mod_userdir.conf</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>IncludeOptional</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# Include all *.conf files from /etc/apache2/conf.d/.
#
# This is mostly meant as a place for other RPM packages to drop
# in their configuration snippet.
#
#
# You can comment this out here if you want those bits include
# only in a certain virtual host, but not here.
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>/etc/apache2/conf.d/*.conf</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>IncludeOptional</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
# The manual... if it is installed ('?' means it will not complain)
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>/etc/apache2/conf.d/apache2-manual?conf</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>ServerName</KEY>
<VALUE>linux-wtyj</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>ServerAdmin</KEY>
<OVERHEAD>
</OVERHEAD>
<VALUE>root@linux-wtyj</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>NameVirtualHost</KEY>
<VALUE>192.168.43.2</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</hosts_entry>
<hosts_entry>
<KEY>192.168.43.2/secondserver.suse.de</KEY>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>DocumentRoot</KEY>
<VALUE>/srv/www/htdocs</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>ServerName</KEY>
<VALUE>secondserver.suse.de</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>ServerAdmin</KEY>
<VALUE>second_server@suse.de</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>_SECTION</KEY>
<SECTIONNAME>Directory</SECTIONNAME>
<SECTIONPARAM>/srv/www/htdocs</SECTIONPARAM>
<VALUE config:type="list">
<listentry>
<KEY>AllowOverride</KEY>
<VALUE>None</VALUE>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<KEY>Require</KEY>
<VALUE>all granted</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</listentry>
</VALUE>
</hosts_entry>
</hosts>
<modules config:type="list">
<module_entry>
<change>enable</change>
<name>socache_shmcb</name>
<userdefined config:type="boolean">true</userdefined>
</module_entry>
<module_entry>
<change>enable</change>
<name>reqtimeout</name>
<userdefined config:type="boolean">true</userdefined>
</module_entry>
<module_entry>
<change>enable</change>
<name>authn_core</name>
<userdefined config:type="boolean">true</userdefined>
</module_entry>
<module_entry>
<change>enable</change>
<name>authz_core</name>
<userdefined config:type="boolean">true</userdefined>
</module_entry>
</modules>
<service config:type="boolean">true</service>
<version>2.9</version>
</http-server>- Listen
List of host
ListensettingsPORT
port address
ADDRESS
Network address. All addresses will be taken if this entry is empty.
- hosts
List of Hosts configuration
KEY
Host name;
<KEY>main</KEY>defines the main hosts, for example<KEY>192.168.43.2/secondserver.suse.de</KEY>VALUE
List of different values describing the host.
- modules
Module list. Only user-defined modules need to be described.
name
Module name
userdefined
For historical reasons, it is always set to
true.change
For historical reasons, it is always set to
enable.
- version
Version of used Apache server
Only for information. Default 2.9
- service
Enable Apache service
Optional. Default: false
To run an Apache server correctly, make sure the firewall is configured appropriately.
4.23 Squid Server #
Squid is a caching and forwarding Web proxy.
<squid>
<acls config:type="list">
<listentry>
<name>QUERY</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>cgi-bin \?</option>
</options>
<type>urlpath_regex</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>apache</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>Server</option>
<option>^Apache</option>
</options>
<type>rep_header</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>all</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0</option>
</options>
<type>src</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>manager</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>cache_object</option>
</options>
<type>proto</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>localhost</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>127.0.0.1/255.255.255.255</option>
</options>
<type>src</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>to_localhost</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>127.0.0.0/8</option>
</options>
<type>dst</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>SSL_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>443</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>80</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>21</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>443</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>70</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>210</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>1025-65535</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>280</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>488</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>591</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>Safe_ports</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>777</option>
</options>
<type>port</type>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<name>CONNECT</name>
<options config:type="list">
<option>CONNECT</option>
</options>
<type>method</type>
</listentry>
</acls>
<http_accesses config:type="list">
<listentry>
<acl config:type="list">
<listentry>manager</listentry>
<listentry>localhost</listentry>
</acl>
<allow config:type="boolean">true</allow>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<acl config:type="list">
<listentry>manager</listentry>
</acl>
<allow config:type="boolean">false</allow>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<acl config:type="list">
<listentry>!Safe_ports</listentry>
</acl>
<allow config:type="boolean">false</allow>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<acl config:type="list">
<listentry>CONNECT</listentry>
<listentry>!SSL_ports</listentry>
</acl>
<allow config:type="boolean">false</allow>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<acl config:type="list">
<listentry>localhost</listentry>
</acl>
<allow config:type="boolean">true</allow>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<acl config:type="list">
<listentry>all</listentry>
</acl>
<allow config:type="boolean">false</allow>
</listentry>
</http_accesses>
<http_ports config:type="list">
<listentry>
<host/>
<port>3128</port>
<transparent config:type="boolean">false</transparent>
</listentry>
</http_ports>
<refresh_patterns config:type="list">
<listentry>
<case_sensitive config:type="boolean">true</case_sensitive>
<max>10080</max>
<min>1440</min>
<percent>20</percent>
<regexp>^ftp:</regexp>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<case_sensitive config:type="boolean">true</case_sensitive>
<max>1440</max>
<min>1440</min>
<percent>0</percent>
<regexp>^gopher:</regexp>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<case_sensitive config:type="boolean">true</case_sensitive>
<max>4320</max>
<min>0</min>
<percent>20</percent>
<regexp>.</regexp>
</listentry>
</refresh_patterns>
<service_enabled_on_startup config:type="boolean">true</service_enabled_on_startup>
<settings>
<access_log config:type="list">
<listentry>/var/log/squid/access.log</listentry>
</access_log>
<cache_dir config:type="list">
<listentry>ufs</listentry>
<listentry>/var/cache/squid</listentry>
<listentry>100</listentry>
<listentry>16</listentry>
<listentry>256</listentry>
</cache_dir>
<cache_log config:type="list">
<listentry>/var/log/squid/cache.log</listentry>
</cache_log>
<cache_mem config:type="list">
<listentry>8</listentry>
<listentry>MB</listentry>
</cache_mem>
<cache_mgr config:type="list">
<listentry>webmaster</listentry>
</cache_mgr>
<cache_replacement_policy config:type="list">
<listentry>lru</listentry>
</cache_replacement_policy>
<cache_store_log config:type="list">
<listentry>/var/log/squid/store.log</listentry>
</cache_store_log>
<cache_swap_high config:type="list">
<listentry>95</listentry>
</cache_swap_high>
<cache_swap_low config:type="list">
<listentry>90</listentry>
</cache_swap_low>
<client_lifetime config:type="list">
<listentry>1</listentry>
<listentry>days</listentry>
</client_lifetime>
<connect_timeout config:type="list">
<listentry>2</listentry>
<listentry>minutes</listentry>
</connect_timeout>
<emulate_httpd_log config:type="list">
<listentry>off</listentry>
</emulate_httpd_log>
<error_directory config:type="list">
<listentry/>
</error_directory>
<ftp_passive config:type="list">
<listentry>on</listentry>
</ftp_passive>
<maximum_object_size config:type="list">
<listentry>4096</listentry>
<listentry>KB</listentry>
</maximum_object_size>
<memory_replacement_policy config:type="list">
<listentry>lru</listentry>
</memory_replacement_policy>
<minimum_object_size config:type="list">
<listentry>0</listentry>
<listentry>KB</listentry>
</minimum_object_size>
</settings>
</squid>|
Attribute |
Values |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
List of Access Control Settings (ACLs). |
Each list entry contains the name, type, and additional options. Use the YaST Squid configuration module to get an overview of possible entries. |
|
|
In the Access Control table, access can be denied or allowed to ACL Groups. |
If there are more ACL Groups in one definition, access will be allowed or denied to members who belong to all ACL Groups at the same time. The Access Control table is checked in the order listed here. The first matching entry is used. |
|
|
Define all ports where Squid will listen for clients' HTTP requests. |
|
|
|
Refresh patterns define how Squid treats the objects in the cache. |
The refresh patterns are checked in the order listed here. The first matching entry is used.
|
|
|
Map of all available general parameters with default values. |
Use the YaST Squid configuration module to get an overview about possible entries. |
|
|
Squid service start when booting. |
Value: true/false |
4.24 FTP Server #
Configure your FTP Internet server settings.
<ftp-server>
<AnonAuthen>2</AnonAuthen>
<AnonCreatDirs>NO</AnonCreatDirs>
<AnonMaxRate>0</AnonMaxRate>
<AnonReadOnly>NO</AnonReadOnly>
<AntiWarez>YES</AntiWarez>
<Banner>Welcome message</Banner>
<CertFile/>
<ChrootEnable>NO</ChrootEnable>
<EnableUpload>YES</EnableUpload>
<FTPUser>ftp</FTPUser>
<FtpDirAnon>/srv/ftp</FtpDirAnon>
<FtpDirLocal/>
<GuestUser/>
<LocalMaxRate>0</LocalMaxRate>
<MaxClientsNumber>10</MaxClientsNumber>
<MaxClientsPerIP>3</MaxClientsPerIP>
<MaxIdleTime>15</MaxIdleTime>
<PasMaxPort>40500</PasMaxPort>
<PasMinPort>40000</PasMinPort>
<PassiveMode>YES</PassiveMode>
<SSL>0</SSL>
<SSLEnable>NO</SSLEnable>
<SSLv2>NO</SSLv2>
<SSLv3>NO</SSLv3>
<StartDaemon>2</StartDaemon>
<TLS>YES</TLS>
<Umask/>
<UmaskAnon/>
<UmaskLocal/>
<VerboseLogging>NO</VerboseLogging>
<VirtualUser>NO</VirtualUser>
</ftp-server>|
Element |
Description |
Comment |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Enable/disable anonymous and local users. |
Authenticated Users Only: 1; Anonymous Only: 0; Both: 2 |
|
|
Anonymous users can create directories. |
Values: YES/NO |
|
|
Anonymous users can upload. |
Values: YES/NO |
|
|
The maximum data transfer rate permitted for anonymous clients. |
KB/s |
|
|
Disallow downloading of files that were uploaded but not validated by a local admin. |
Values: YES/NO |
|
|
Specify the name of a file containing the text to display when someone connects to the server. | |
|
|
DSA certificate to use for SSL-encrypted connections |
This option specifies the location of the DSA certificate to use for SSL-encrypted connections. |
|
|
When enabled, local users will by default be placed in a |
Warning: This option has security implications. Values: YES/NO |
|
|
If enabled, FTP users can upload. |
To allow anonymous users to upload, enable |
|
|
Defines the anonymous FTP user. | |
|
|
FTP directory for anonymous users. |
Specify a directory which is used for anonymous FTP users. |
|
|
FTP directory for authenticated users. |
Specify a directory which is used for FTP authenticated users. |
|
|
The maximum data transfer rate permitted for local authenticated users. |
KB/s |
|
|
The maximum number of clients allowed to connect. | |
|
|
Defines the maximum number of clients for one IP. |
This limits the number of clients allowed to connect from a single source Internet address. |
|
|
The maximum time (timeout) a remote client may wait between FTP commands. |
Minutes |
|
|
Maximum value for a port range for passive connection replies. |
|
|
|
Minimum value for a port range for passive connection replies. |
|
|
|
Enable Passive Mode |
Value: YES/NO |
|
|
Security Settings |
Disable SSL/TLS: 0; Accept SSL and TLS: 1; Refuse Connections Without SSL/TLS: 2 |
|
|
If enabled, SSL connections are allowed. |
Value: YES/NO |
|
|
If enabled, SSL version 2 connections are allowed. |
Value: YES/NO |
|
|
If enabled, SSL version 3 connections are allowed. |
Value: YES/NO |
|
|
How the FTP daemon will be started. |
Manually: 0; when booting: 1; via |
|
|
If enabled, TLS connections are allowed. |
Value: YES/NO |
|
|
File creation mask, in the format (umask for files):(umask for directories). |
For example |
|
|
The value to which the umask for file creation is set for anonymous users. |
To specify octal values, remember the "0" prefix, otherwise the value will be treated as a base-10 integer. |
|
|
Umask for authenticated users. |
To specify octal values, remember the "0" prefix, otherwise the value will be treated as a base-10 integer. |
|
|
When enabled, all FTP requests and responses are logged. |
Value: YES/NO |
|
|
By using virtual users, FTP accounts can be administrated without affecting system accounts. |
Value: YES/NO |
Proper Firewall setting will be required for the FTP server to run correctly.
4.25 TFTP Server #
Configure your TFTP Internet server settings.
Use this to enable a server for TFTP (trivial file transfer protocol). The
server will be started using the systemd socket.
Note that TFTP and FTP are not the same.
<tftp-server>
<start_tftpd config:type="boolean">true</start_tftpd>
<tftp_directory>/tftpboot</tftp_directory>
</tftp-server>|
Element |
Description |
Comment |
|---|---|---|
|
start_tftpd |
Enabling TFTP server service. |
Value: true/false |
|
tftp_directory |
Boot Image Directory: Specify the directory where served files are located. |
The usual value is /tftpboot. The directory will be created if it does not exist. The server uses this as its root directory (using the -s option). |
4.26 Firstboot Workflow #
The YaST firstboot utility (YaST Initial System Configuration), which runs after the installation is completed, lets you configure the freshly installed system. On the first boot after the installation, users are guided through a series of steps that allow for easier configuration of a system. YaST firstboot does not run by default and needs to be configured to run.
<firstboot>
<firstboot_enabled config:type="boolean">true</firstboot_enabled>
</firstboot>4.27 Security Settings #
Using the features of this module, you can to change the local security settings on the target system. The local security settings include the boot configuration, login settings, password settings, user addition settings, and file permissions.
Configuring the security settings automatically is similar to the
Custom Settings in the security module available in
the running system. This allows you create a customized configuration.
See the reference for the meaning and the possible values of the settings in the following example.
<security> <console_shutdown>ignore</console_shutdown> <displaymanager_remote_access>no</displaymanager_remote_access> <fail_delay>3</fail_delay> <faillog_enab>yes</faillog_enab> <gid_max>60000</gid_max> <gid_min>101</gid_min> <gdm_shutdown>root</gdm_shutdown> <lastlog_enab>yes</lastlog_enab> <encryption>md5</encryption> <obscure_checks_enab>no</obscure_checks_enab> <pass_max_days>99999</pass_max_days> <pass_max_len>8</pass_max_len> <pass_min_days>1</pass_min_days> <pass_min_len>6</pass_min_len> <pass_warn_age>14</pass_warn_age> <passwd_use_cracklib>yes</passwd_use_cracklib> <permission_security>secure</permission_security> <run_updatedb_as>nobody</run_updatedb_as> <uid_max>60000</uid_max> <uid_min>500</uid_min> <selinux_mode>permissive</selinux_mode> </security>
4.27.1 Password Settings Options #
Use the <pass_* resources to change various password settings, such as minimum
password length, password expiration, and more.
Use the <encryption> resource to activate one of the encryption methods currently
supported. If not set, sha512 is configured.
You can use one of the following encryption methods:
md5— allows longer passwords with 128-bit hash valuesha256orsha512— widely used secure hash algorithmdes— we do not recommend using this encryption method because of insufficient security
4.27.2 Boot Settings #
Use the security resource, to change various boot settings.
- How to interpret Ctrl–Alt–Del?
When someone at the console has pressed the Ctrl–Alt–Del key combination, the system usually reboots. Sometimes it is desirable to ignore this event, for example, when the system serves as both workstation and server.
- Shutdown behavior of GDM
Configure a list of users allowed to shut down the machine from GDM.
4.27.3 Login Settings #
Change various login settings. These settings are mainly stored in the
/etc/login.defs file.
4.27.4 New user settings (useradd settings) #
Set the minimum and maximum possible user and group IDs.
4.27.5 SELinux settings #
Configuring SELinux mode. Possible values are permissive,enforcing
and disabled.
4.28 Linux Audit Framework (LAF) #
This module allows the configuration of the audit daemon and to add rules for the audit subsystem.
<audit-laf>
<auditd>
<flush>INCREMENTAL</flush>
<freq>20</freq>
<log_file>/var/log/audit/audit.log</log_file>
<log_format>RAW</log_format>
<max_log_file>5</max_log_file>
<max_log_file_action>ROTATE</max_log_file_action>
<name_format>NONE</name_format>
<num_logs>4</num_logs>
</auditd>
<rules/>
</audit-laf>|
Attribute |
Values |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Describes how to write the data to disk. |
If set to |
|
|
This parameter tells how many records to write before issuing an explicit flush to disk. |
The parameter |
|
|
The full path name to the log file. | |
|
|
How much information needs to be logged. |
Set |
|
|
How much information needs to be logged. |
Unit: Megabytes |
|
|
Number of log files. |
|
|
|
What happens if the log capacity has been reached. |
If the action is set to |
|
|
Computer Name Format describes how to write the computer name to the log file. |
If |
|
|
Rules for auditctl |
You can edit the rules manually, which we only recommend for
advanced users. For more information about all options, see
|
4.29 Users and Groups #
4.29.1 Users #
A list of users can be defined in the <users>
section. To be able to log in, make sure that either the root users are
set up or rootpassword is specified as a linuxrc
option.
<users config:type="list">
<user>
<username>root</username>
<user_password>password</user_password>
<encrypted config:type="boolean">false</encrypted>
</user>
<user>
<username>tux</username>
<user_password>password</user_password>
<encrypted config:type="boolean">false</encrypted>
</user>
</users>
The following example shows a more complex scenario. System-wide default
settings from /etc/default/useradd, such as the
shell or the parent directory for the home directory, are applied.
<users config:type="list">
<user>
<username>root</username>
<user_password>password</user_password>
<uid>1001</uid>
<gid>100</gid>
<encrypted config:type="boolean">false</encrypted>
<fullname>Root User</fullname>
<authorized_keys config:type="list">
<listentry> ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDKLt1vnW2vTJpBp3VK91rFsBvpY97NljsVLdgUrlPbZ/L51FerQQ+djQ/ivDASQjO+567nMGqfYGFA/De1EGMMEoeShza67qjNi14L1HBGgVojaNajMR/NI2d1kDyvsgRy7D7FT5UGGUNT0dlcSD3b85zwgHeYLidgcGIoKeRi7HpVDOOTyhwUv4sq3ubrPCWARgPeOLdVFa9clC8PTZdxSeKp4jpNjIHEyREPin2Un1luCIPWrOYyym7aRJEPopCEqBA9HvfwpbuwBI5F0uIWZgSQLfpwW86599fBo/PvMDa96DpxH1VlzJlAIHQsMkMHbsCazPNC0++Kp5ZVERiH root@example.net</listentry>
</authorized_keys>
</user>
<user>
<username>tux</username>
<user_password>password</user_password>
<uid>1002</uid>
<gid>100</gid>
<encrypted config:type="boolean">false</encrypted>
<fullname>Plain User</fullname>
<home>/Users/plain</home>
<password_settings>
<max>120</max>
<inact>5</inact>
</password_settings>
</user>
</users>authorized_keys File Will Be Overwritten
If the profile defines a set of SSH authorized keys for a user in the
authorized_keys section, an existing
$HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys file will be overwritten.
If not existing, the file will be created with the content specified.
Avoid overwriting an existing authorized_keys file
by not specifying the respective section in the AutoYaST control file.
rootpassword and Root User Options
It is possible to specify rootpassword in
linuxrc and have a user section for the root
user. If this section is missing the password, then the password from
linuxrc will be used. Passwords in profiles take
precedence over linuxrc passwords.
uid)
Each user on a Linux system has a numeric user ID. You can either
specify such a user ID within the AutoYaST control file manually by using
uid, or let the system automatically choose a
user ID by not using uid.
User IDs should be unique throughout the system. If not, some
applications such as the login manager gdm may no longer work as expected.
When adding users with the AutoYaST control file, it is strongly recommended not to mix user-defined IDs and automatically provided IDs. When doing so, unique IDs cannot be guaranteed. Either specify IDs for all users added with the AutoYaST control file or let the system choose the ID for all users.
-
username Text
<username>lukesw</username>
Required. It should be a valid user name. Check
man 8 useraddif you are not sure.-
fullname Text
<fullname>Tux Torvalds</fullname>
Optional. User's full name.
-
forename Text
<forname>Tux</forename>
Optional. User's forename.
-
surname Text
<surname>Skywalker</surname>
Optional. User's surname.
-
uid Number
<uid>1001</uid>
Optional. User ID. It should be a unique and must be a non-negative number. If not specified, AutoYaST will automatically choose a user ID. Also refer to Note: Specifying a User ID (
uid) for additional information.-
gid Number
<gid>100</gid>
Optional. Initial group ID. It must be a unique and non-negative number. Moreover it must refer to an existing group.
-
home Path
<home>/home/luke</home>
Optional. Absolute path to the user's home directory. By default,
/home/usernamewill be used (for example,alice's home directory will be/home/alice).-
home_btrfs_subvolume Boolean
<home_btrfs_subvolume config:type="boolean">true</home_btrfs_subvolume>
Optional. Generates the home directory in a Btrfs subvolume. Disabled by default.
-
shell Path
<shell>/usr/bin/zsh</shell>
Optional.
/bin/bashis the default value. If you choose another one, make sure that it is installed (adding the corresponding package to thesoftwaresection).-
user_password Text
<user_password>some-password</user_password>
Optional. A user's password can be written in plain text (not recommended) or in encrypted form. To create an encrypted password, use
mkpasswd. Enter the password as written in/etc/shadow(second column). To enable or disable the use of encrypted passwords in the profile, see theencryptedparameter. With encrypted passwords disabled, if you enter an exclamation mark (!), a random password will be generated. With encrypted passwords enabled, the value is copied to the password field of/etc/shadow. If you enter an exclamation mark (!) in this case, you get an account with locked password that cannot login on console.-
encrypted Boolean
<encrypted config:type="boolean">true</encrypted>
Optional. Considered
falseif not present. Indicates if the user's password in the profile is encrypted or not. AutoYaST supports standard encryption algorithms (seeman 3 crypt).-
password_settings Password settings
<password_settings> <expire/> <max>60</max> <warn>7</warn> </password_settings>
Optional. Some password settings can be customized:
expire(account expiration date in formatYYYY-MM-DD),flag(/etc/shadowflag),inact(number of days after password expiration that account is disabled),max(maximum number of days a password is valid),min(grace period in days until which a user can change password after it has expired) andwarn(number of days before expiration when the password change reminder starts).-
authorized_keys List of authorized keys
<authorized_keys config:type="list"> <listentry>ssh-rsa ...</listentry> </authorized_keys>
A list of authorized keys to be written to
$HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys. See example below.
4.29.2 User Defaults #
The profile can specify a set of default values for new users like
password expiration, initial group, home directory prefix, etc. Besides using them
as default values for the users that are defined in the profile, AutoYaST will
write those settings to /etc/default/useradd to be read for
useradd.
-
group Text
<group>100</group>
Optional. Default initial login group.
-
groups Text
<groups>users</groups>
Optional. List of additional groups.
-
home Path
<home>/home</home>
Optional. User's home directory prefix.
-
expire Date
<expire>2017-12-31</expire>
Optional. Default password expiration date in
YYYY-MM-DDformat.-
inactive Number
<inactive>3</inactive>
Optional. Number of days after which an expired account is disabled.
-
no_groups Boolean
<no_groups config:type="boolean">true</no_groups>
Optional. Do not use secondary groups.
-
shell Path
<shell>/usr/bin/fish</shell>
Default login shell.
/bin/bashis the default value. If you choose another one, make sure that it is installed (adding the corresponding package to thesoftwaresection).-
skel Path
<skel>/etc/skel</skel>
Optional. Location of the files to be used as skeleton when adding a new user. You can find more information in
man 8 useradd.-
umask File creation mode mask
<umask>022</umask>
Set the file creation mode mask for the home directory. By default
useraddwill use022. Checkman 8 useraddandman 1 umaskfor further information.
4.29.3 Groups #
A list of groups can be defined in <groups>
as shown in the example.
<groups config:type="list">
<group>
<gid>100</gid>
<groupname>users</groupname>
<userlist>bob,alice</userlist>
</group>
</groups>groupnameText
<groupname>users</groupname>
Required. It should be a valid group name. Check
man 8 groupaddif you are not sure.gidNumber
<gid>100</gid>
Optional. Group ID. It must be a unique and non-negative number.
group_passwordText
<group_password>password</group_password>
Optional. The group's password can be written in plain text (not recommended) or in encrypted form. Check the
encryptedto select the desired behavior.encryptedBoolean
<encrypted config:type="boolean">true</encrypted>
Optional. Indicates if the group's password in the profile is encrypted or not.
userlistUsers list
<userlist>bob,alice</userlist>
Optional. A list of users who belong to the group. User names must be separated by commas.
4.29.4 Login Settings #
Two special login settings can be enabled through an AutoYaST profile: autologin and password-less login. Both of them are disabled by default.
<login_settings> <autologin_user>vagrant</autologin_user> <password_less_login config:type="boolean">true</password_less_login> </login_settings>
password_less_loginBoolean
<password_less_login config:type="boolean">true</password_less_login>
Optional. Enables password-less login. It only affects graphical login.
autologin_userText
<autologin_user>alice</autologin_user>
Optional. Enables autologin for the given user.
4.30 Custom User Scripts #
By adding scripts to the auto-installation process you can customize the installation according to your needs and take control in different stages of the installation.
In the auto-installation process, five types of scripts can be executed at different points in time during the installation:
All scripts need to be in the <scripts> section.
pre-scripts(very early, before anything else really happens)postpartitioning-scripts(after partitioning and mounting to/mntbut before RPM installation)chroot-scripts(after the package installation, before the first boot)post-scripts(during the first boot of the installed system, no services running)init-scripts(during the first boot of the installed system, all services up and running)
4.30.1 Pre-Install Scripts #
Executed before YaST does any real change to the system (before partitioning and package installation but after the hardware detection).
You can use a pre-script to modify your control file and let AutoYaST
reread it. Find your control file in
/tmp/profile/autoinst.xml. Adjust the file and
store the modified version in
/tmp/profile/modified.xml. AutoYaST will read the
modified file after the pre-script finishes.
It is also possible to modify the storage devices in your pre-scripts. For example, you can create new partitions or change the configuration of certain technologies like multipath. AutoYaST always inspects the storage devices again after executing all the pre-install scripts.
Pre-scripts are executed at an early stage of the installation. This
means if you have requested to confirm the installation, the
pre-scripts will be executed before the confirmation screen shows up
(profile/install/general/mode/confirm).
To call zypper in the pre-install script you will need to set the environment variable ZYPP_LOCKFILE_ROOT="/var/run/autoyast" to prevent conflicts with the running YaST process.
Pre-Install Script elements must be placed as follows:
<scripts>
<pre-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
...
</script>
</pre-scripts>
</scripts>4.30.2 Post-partitioning Scripts #
Executed after YaST has done the partitioning and written
/etc/fstab. The empty system is already mounted to
/mnt.
Post-partitioning script elements must be placed as follows:
<scripts>
<postpartitioning-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
...
</script>
</postpartitioning-scripts>
</scripts>4.30.3 Chroot Environment Scripts #
Chroot scripts are executed before the machine reboots for the first
time. You can execute chroot scripts before the installation chroots
into the installed system and configures the boot loader or you can
execute a script after the chroot into the installed system has
happened (look at the chrooted parameter for that).
Chroot Environment script elements must be placed as follows:
<scripts>
<chroot-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
...
</script>
</chroot-scripts>
</scripts>4.30.4 Post-Install Scripts #
These scripts are executed after AutoYaST has completed the system configuration and after it has booted the system for the first time.
Post-install script elements must be placed as follows:
<scripts>
<post-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
...
</script>
</post-scripts>
</scripts>4.30.5 Init Scripts #
These scripts are executed when YaST has finished, during the
initial boot process after the network has been initialized. These
final scripts are executed using
/usr/lib/YaST2/bin/autoyast-initscripts.sh and are
executed only once. Init scripts are configured using the tag
init-scripts.
Init scripts elements must be placed as follows:
<scripts>
<init-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
...
</script>
</init-scripts>
</scripts>Init scripts are different from the rest of script types because they are not executed by YaST, but after YaST has finished. For this reason, their XML representation is different from other script types.
locationDefine a location from where the script gets fetched. Locations can be the same as for the profile (HTTP, FTP, NFS, etc.).
<location>http://10.10.0.1/myInitScript.sh</location>
Either <location> or <source> must be defined.
sourceThe script itself (source code), encapsulated in a CDATA tag. If you do not want to put the whole shell script into the XML profile, use the location parameter.
<source> <![CDATA[echo "Testing the init script" >/tmp/init_out.txt]]></source>
Either <location> or <source> must be defined.
filenameThe file name of the script. It will be stored in a temporary directory under
/tmp<filename>mynitScript5.sh</filename>
Optional in case you only have a single init script. The default name (
init-scripts) is used in this case. If having specified more than one init script, you must set a unique name for each script.rerunNormally, a script is only run once, even if you use
ayast_setupto run an XML file multiple times. Change this default behavior by setting this boolean totrue.<rerun config:type="boolean">true</rerun>
Optional. Default is
false(scripts only run once).
When added to the control file manually, scripts need to be included in a CDATA element to avoid confusion with the file syntax and other tags defined in the control file.
4.30.6 Script XML Representation #
Most of the XML elements described below can be used for all the script types described above, except for init scripts, whose definitions can contain only a subset of these elements. See Section 4.30.5, “Init Scripts” for further information about them.
locationDefine a location from where the script gets fetched. Locations can be the same as for the control file (HTTP, FTP, NFS, etc.). Additionally a relative URL can be used that defines a path relative to the directory with the control file, using the syntax
relurl://script.sh.<location>http://10.10.0.1/myPreScript.sh</location>
Either
locationorsourcemust be defined.sourceThe script itself (source code), encapsulated in a CDATA tag. If you do not want to put the whole shell script into the XML control file, refer to the location parameter.
<source> <![CDATA[ echo "Testing the pre script" > /tmp/pre-script_out.txt ]]> </source>
Either
locationorsourcemust be defined.interpreterSpecify the interpreter that must be used for the script. Supported options are
shellandperl.<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
Optional; default is
shell.file nameThe file name of the script. It will be stored in a temporary directory under
/tmp.<filename>myPreScript5.sh</filename>
Optional; default is the type of the script (pre-scripts in this case). If you have more than one script, you should define different names for each script. If
filenameis not defined andlocationis defined, the file name from the location path will be used.feedbackIf this boolean is
true, output and error messages of the script (STDOUT and STDERR) will be shown in a pop-up. The user needs to confirm them via the OK button.<feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback>
Optional; default is
false.feedback_typeThis can be
message,warningorerror. Set the timeout for these pop-ups in the <report> section.<feedback_type>warning</feedback_type>
Optional; if missing, an always-blocking pop-up is used.
debugIf this is
true, every single line of a shell script is logged. Perl scripts are run with warnings turned on. This only works for the deprecated keywordinterpreter. For other languages, give the path to the interpreter as a parameter in theinterpretervalue, for example "<interpreter>ruby -w</interpreter>".<debug config:type="boolean">true</debug>
Optional; default is
true.notificationThis text will be shown in a pop-up for the time the script is running in the background.
<notification>Please wait while script is running...</notification>
Optional; if not configured, no notification pop-up will be shown.
param-listIt is possible to specify parameters given to the script being called. You may have more than one
paramentry. They are concatenated by a single space character on the script command line. If any shell quoting should be necessary (for example to protect embedded spaces) you need to include this.<param-list config:type="list"> <param>par1</param> <param>par2 par3</param> <param>"par4.1 par4.2"</param> </param-list>
Optional; if not configured, no parameters get passed to script.
rerunA script is only run once. Even if you use
ayast_setup to run an XML file multiple times, the script is only run once. Change this default behavior by setting this boolean totrue.<rerun config:type="boolean">true</rerun>
Optional; default is
false, meaning that scripts only run once.chrootedDuring installation, the new system is mounted at
/mnt. If this parameter is set tofalse, AutoYaST does not runchrootand does not install the boot loader at this stage. If the parameter is set totrue, AutoYaST performs achrootinto/mntand installs the boot loader. The result is that to change anything in the newly-installed system, you no longer need to use the/mntprefix.<chrooted config:type="boolean">true</chrooted>
Optional; default is
false. This option is only available for chroot environment scripts.
4.30.7 Script Example #
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE profile>
<profile xmlns="http://www.suse.com/1.0/yast2ns" xmlns:config="http://www.suse.com/1.0/configns">
<scripts>
<chroot-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
<chrooted config:type="boolean">true</chrooted>
<filename>chroot.sh</filename>
<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
<source><![CDATA[
#!/bin/sh
echo "Testing chroot (chrooted) scripts"
ls
]]>
</source>
</script>
<script>
<filename>chroot.sh</filename>
<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
<source><![CDATA[
#!/bin/sh
echo "Testing chroot scripts"
df
cd /mnt
ls
]]>
</source>
</script>
</chroot-scripts>
<post-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
<filename>post.sh</filename>
<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
<source><![CDATA[
#!/bin/sh
echo "Running Post-install script"
systemctl start portmap
mount -a 192.168.1.1:/local /mnt
cp /mnt/test.sh /tmp
umount /mnt
]]>
</source>
</script>
<script>
<filename>post.pl</filename>
<interpreter>perl</interpreter>
<source><![CDATA[
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Running Post-install script";
]]>
</source>
</script>
</post-scripts>
<pre-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
<location>http://192.168.1.1/profiles/scripts/prescripts.sh</location>
</script>
<script>
<filename>pre.sh</filename>
<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
<source><![CDATA[
#!/bin/sh
echo "Running pre-install script"
]]>
</source>
</script>
</pre-scripts>
<postpartitioning-scripts config:type="list">
<script>
<filename>postpart.sh</filename>
<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
<debug config:type="boolean">false</debug>
<feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback>
<source><![CDATA[
touch /mnt/testfile
echo Hi
]]>
</source>
</script>
</postpartitioning-scripts>
</scripts>
</profile>
After installation is finished, the scripts and the output logs can be
found in the directory /var/adm/autoinstall. The
scripts are located in the subdirectory scripts
and the output logs in the log directory.
The log consists of the output produced when executing the shell scripts using the following command:
/bin/sh -x SCRIPT_NAME 2&>/var/adm/autoinstall/logs/SCRIPT_NAME.log
4.31 System Variables (Sysconfig) #
Using the sysconfig resource, it is possible to define configuration
variables in the sysconfig repository
(/etc/sysconfig) directly. Sysconfig variables,
offer the possibility to fine-tune many system components and
environment variables exactly to your needs.
The following example shows how a variable can be set using the sysconfig resource.
<sysconfig config:type="list" >
<sysconfig_entry>
<sysconfig_key>XNTPD_INITIAL_NTPDATE</sysconfig_key>
<sysconfig_path>/etc/sysconfig/xntp</sysconfig_path>
<sysconfig_value>ntp.host.com</sysconfig_value>
</sysconfig_entry>
<sysconfig_entry>
<sysconfig_key>HTTP_PROXY</sysconfig_key>
<sysconfig_path>/etc/sysconfig/proxy</sysconfig_path>
<sysconfig_value>proxy.host.com:3128</sysconfig_value>
</sysconfig_entry>
<sysconfig_entry>
<sysconfig_key>FTP_PROXY</sysconfig_key>
<sysconfig_path>/etc/sysconfig/proxy</sysconfig_path>
<sysconfig_value>proxy.host.com:3128</sysconfig_value>
</sysconfig_entry>
</sysconfig>
Both relative and absolute paths can be provided. If no absolute path
is given, it is treated as a sysconfig file under the
/etc/sysconfig directory.
4.32 Adding Complete Configurations #
For many applications and services you may have a
configuration file which should be copied to the appropriate location on
the installed system. For example, if you are installing a Web server, you may have a server configuration file
(httpd.conf).
Using this resource, you can embed the file into the control file by specifying the final path on the installed system. YaST will copy this file to the specified location.
This feature requires the autoyast2 package to be installed. If the package is missing, AutoYaST will automatically install the package if it is missing.
You can specify the file_location where the file
should be retrieved from. This can also be a location on the network
such as an HTTP server:
<file_location>http://my.server.site/issue</file_location>.
It is also possible to specify a local file using the relurl:// prefix, for example: <file_location>relurl://path/to/file.conf</file_location>.
You can create directories by specifying a file_path
that ends with a slash.
<files config:type="list">
<file>
<file_path>/etc/apache2/httpd.conf</file_path>
<file_contents>
<![CDATA[
some content
]]>
</file_contents>
</file>
<file>
<file_path>/mydir/a/b/c/</file_path> <!-- create directory -->
</file>
</files>
A more advanced example is shown below. This configuration will create a
file using the content supplied in file_contents and
change the permissions and ownership of the file. After the file has
been copied to the system, a script is executed. This can be used to
modify the file and prepare it for the client's environment.
<files config:type="list">
<file>
<file_path>/etc/someconf.conf</file_path>
<file_contents>
<![CDATA[
some content
]]>
</file_contents>
<file_owner>tux.users</file_owner>
<file_permissions>444</file_permissions>
<file_script>
<interpreter>shell</interpreter>
<source>
<![CDATA[
#!/bin/sh
echo "Testing file scripts" >> /etc/someconf.conf
df
cd /mnt
ls
]]>
</source>
</file_script>
</file>
</files>4.33 Ask the User for Values during Installation #
You have the option to let the user decide the values of specific parts
of the control file during the installation. If you use this feature, a
pop-up will ask the user to enter a specific part of the control file
during installation. If you want a full auto installation, but the user
should set the password of the local account, you can do this via the
ask directive in the control file.
The elements listed below must be placed within the following XML structure:
<general>
<ask-list config:type="list">
<ask>
...
</ask>
</ask-list>
</general>questionThe question you want to ask the user.
<question>Enter the LDAP server</question>
The default value is the path to the element (the path often looks strange, so we recommend entering a question).
defaultSet a preselection for the user. A text entry will be filled out with this value. A check box will be true or false and a selection will have the given value preselected.
<default>dc=suse,dc=de</default>
Optional.
helpAn optional help text that is shown on the left side of the question.
<help>Enter the LDAP server address.</help>
Optional.
titleAn optional title that is shown above the questions.
<title>LDAP server</title>
Optional.
typeThe type of the element you want to change. Possible values are
symbol,boolean,stringandinteger. The file system in the partition section is a symbol, while theencryptedelement in the user configuration is a boolean. You can see the type of that element if you look in your control file at theconfig:type="...."attribute. You can also usestatic_textas type. Astatic_textis a text that does not require any user input and can show information not included in the help text.<type>symbol</type>
Optional. The default is
string. If type issymbol, you must provide the selection element too (see below).passwordIf this boolean is set to
true, a password dialog pops up instead of a simple text entry. Setting this totrueonly makes sense iftypeis string.<password config:type="boolean">true</password>
Optional. The default is
false.pathlistA list of
pathelements. A path is a comma-separated list of elements that describes the path to the element you want to change. For example, the network configuration element can be found in the control file in the<networking>section. So, to change that value, you need to set the path tonetworking.<pathlist config:type="list"> <path>networking,dns,hostname</path> <path>...</path> </pathlist>
To change the password of the first user in the control file, you need to set the path to
users,0,user_password.0indicates the first item in the configuration section. For example, in the <users config:type="list"> list of users mentioned below, it relates toroot.1would be the second item, and so on.<users config:type="list"> <user> <username>root</username> <user_password>password to change</user_password> <encrypted config:type="boolean">false</encrypted> </user> <user> <username>tux</username> <user_password>password to change</user_password> <encrypted config:type="boolean">false</encrypted> </user> </users>To set a password for
rootif the <user> section is similar to the one above, use the <pathlist> as follows:<pathlist config:type="list"> <path>users,0,user_password</path> </pathlist>This information is optional but you should at least provide
pathorfile.fileYou can store the answer to a question in a file, to use it in one of your scripts later. If you ask during
stage=initialand you want to use the answer in stage 2, then you need to copy the answer-file in a chroot script that is running aschrooted=false. Use the command:cp /tmp/my_answer /mnt/tmp/. The reason is that/tmpin stage 1 is in the RAM disk and will be lost after the reboot, but the installed system is already mounted at/mnt/.<file>/tmp/answer_hostname</file>
This information is optional, but you should at least provide
pathorfile.- stage
Stage configures the installation stage in which the question pops up. You can set this value to
contorinitial.initialmeans the pop-up comes up very early in the installation, shortly after the pre-script has run.contmeans, that the dialog with the question comes after the first reboot when the system boots for the very first time. Questions you answer during theinitialstage will write their answer into the control file on the hard disk. You should know that if you enter clear text passwords duringinitial. Of course it does not make sense to ask for the file system to use during thecontphase. The hard disk is already partitioned at that stage and the question will have no effect.<stage>cont</stage>
Optional. The default is
initial.selectionThe selection element contains a list of
entryelements. Each entry represents a possible option for the user to choose. The user cannot enter a value in a text box, but they can choose from a list of values.<selection config:type="list"> <entry> <value> btrfs </value> <label> Btrfs File System </label> </entry> <entry> <value> ext3 </value> <label> Extended3 File System </label> </entry> </selection>Optional for
type=string, not possible fortype=booleanand mandatory fortype=symbol.dialogYou can ask more than one question per dialog. To do so, specify the dialog-id with an integer. All questions with the same dialog-id belong to the same dialog. The dialogs are sorted by the id too.
<dialog config:type="integer">3</dialog>
Optional.
elementYou can have more than one question per dialog. To make that possible you need to specify the
element-idwith an integer. The questions in a dialog are sorted by ID.<element config:type="integer">1</element>
Optional (see dialog).
widthYou can increase the default width of the dialog. If there are multiple width specifications per dialog, the largest one is used. The number is roughly equivalent to the number of characters.
<width config:type="integer">50</width>
Optional.
heightYou can increase the default height of the dialog. If there are multiple height specifications per dialog, the largest one is used. The number is roughly equivalent to the number of lines.
<height config:type="integer">15</height>
Optional.
frametitleYou can have more than one question per dialog. Each question on a dialog has a frame that can have a frame title, a small caption for each question. You can put multiple elements into one frame. They need to have the same frame title.
<frametitle>User data</frametitle>
Optional; default is no frame title.
scriptYou can run scripts after a question has been answered. See the list below for detailed instructions about scripts.
<script>...</script>
Optional; default is no script.
ok_labelYou can change the label on the button. The last element that specifies the label for a dialog wins.
<ok_label>Finish</ok_label>
Optional.
back_labelYou can change the label on the button. The last element that specifies the label for a dialog wins.
<back_label>change values</back_label>
Optional.
timeoutYou can specify an integer here that is used as timeout in seconds. If the user does not answer the question before the timeout, the default value is taken as answer. When the user touches or changes any widget in the dialog, the timeout is turned off and the dialog needs to be confirmed via .
<timeout config:type="integer">30</timeout>
Optional; a missing value is interpreted as
0, which means that there is no timeout.default_value_scriptYou can run scripts to set the default value for a question (see Section 4.33.1, “Default Value Scripts” for detailed instructions about default value scripts). This feature is useful if you can
calculatea default value, especially in combination with thetimeoutoption.<default_value_script>...</default_value_script>
Optional; default is no script.
4.33.1 Default Value Scripts #
You can run scripts to set the default value for a question. This
feature is useful if you can calculate a default
value, especially in combination with the timeout
option.
The elements listed below must be placed within the following XML structure:
<general>
<ask-list config:type="list">
<ask>
<default_value_script>
...
</default_value_script>
</ask>
</ask-list>
</general>sourceThe source code of the script. Whatever you
echoto STDOUT will be used as default value for the ask-dialog. If your script has an exit code other than 0, the normal default element is used. Take care you useecho -nto suppress the\nand that you echo reasonable values and not “okay” for a boolean<source>...</source>
This value is required, otherwise nothing would be executed.
interpreterThe interpreter to use.
<interpreter>perl</interpreter>
The default value is
shell. You can also set/bin/myinterpreteras value.
4.33.2 Scripts #
You can run scripts after a question has been answered.
The elements listed below must be placed within the following XML structure:
<general>
<ask-list config:type="list">
<ask>
<script>
...
</script>
</ask>
</ask-list>
</general>file nameThe file name of the script.
<filename>my_ask_script.sh</filename>
The default is ask_script.sh
sourceThe source code of the script. Together with
rerun_on_erroractivated, you check the value that was entered for sanity. Your script can create a file/tmp/next_dialogwith a dialog id specifying the next dialog AutoYaSTwill raise. A value of -1 terminates the ask sequence. If that file is not created, AutoYaST will run the dialogs in the normal order (since 11.0 only).<source>...</source>
This value is required, otherwise nothing would be executed.
environmentA boolean that passes the value of the answer to the question as an environment variable to the script. The variable is named
VAL.<environment config:type="boolean">true</environment>
Optional. Default is
false.feedbackA boolean that turns on feedback for the script execution. STDOUT will be displayed in a pop-up window that must be confirmed after the script execution.
<feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback>
Optional, default is
false.debugA boolean that turns on debugging for the script execution.
<debug config:type="boolean">true</debug>
Optional, default is
true. This value needsfeedbackto be turned on, too.rerun_on_errorA boolean that keeps the dialog open until the script has an exit code of 0 (zero). So you can parse and check the answers the user gave in the script and display an error with the
feedbackoption.<rerun_on_error config:type="boolean">true</rerun_on_error>
Optional, default is
false. This value should be used together with the feedback option.
Below you can see an example of the usage of the ask
feature.
<general>
<ask-list config:type="list">
<ask>
<pathlist config:type="list">
<path>ldap,ldap_server</path>
</pathlist>
<stage>cont</stage>
<help>Choose your server depending on your department</help>
<selection config:type="list">
<entry>
<value>ldap1.mydom.de</value>
<label>LDAP for development</label>
</entry>
<entry>
<value>ldap2.mydom.de</value>
<label>LDAP for sales</label>
</entry>
</selection>
<default>ldap2.mydom.de</default>
<default_value_script>
<source> <![CDATA[
echo -n "ldap1.mydom.de"
]]>
</source>
</default_value_script>
</ask>
<ask>
<pathlist config:type="list">
<path>networking,dns,hostname</path>
</pathlist>
<question>Enter Hostname</question>
<stage>initial</stage>
<default>enter your hostname here</default>
</ask>
<ask>
<pathlist config:type="list">
<path>partitioning,0,partitions,0,filesystem</path>
</pathlist>
<question>File System</question>
<type>symbol</type>
<selection config:type="list">
<entry>
<value config:type="symbol">ext4</value>
<label>default File System (recommended)</label>
</entry>
<entry>
<value config:type="symbol">ext3</value>
<label>Fallback File System</label>
</entry>
</selection>
</ask>
</ask-list>
</general>
The following example shows a to choose between AutoYaST control files.
AutoYaST will read the modified.xml file again
after the ask-dialogs are done. This way you can fetch a complete new
control file.
<general>
<ask-list config:type="list">
<ask>
<selection config:type="list">
<entry>
<value>part1.xml</value>
<label>Simple partitioning</label>
</entry>
<entry>
<value>part2.xml</value>
<label>encrypted /tmp</label>
</entry>
<entry>
<value>part3.xml</value>
<label>LVM</label>
</entry>
</selection>
<title>XML Profile</title>
<question>Choose a profile</question>
<stage>initial</stage>
<default>part1.xml</default>
<script>
<filename>fetch.sh</filename>
<environment config:type="boolean">true</environment>
<source>
<![CDATA[
wget http://10.10.0.162/$VAL -O /tmp/profile/modified.xml 2>/dev/null
]]>
</source>
<debug config:type="boolean">false</debug>
<feedback config:type="boolean">false</feedback>
</script>
</ask>tion>
</ask-list>
</general>You can verify the answer of a question with a script like this:
<general>
<ask-list config:type="list">
<ask>
<script>
<filename>my.sh</filename>
<rerun_on_error config:type="boolean">true</rerun_on_error>
<environment config:type="boolean">true</environment>
<source><![CDATA[
if [ "$VAL" = "myhost" ]; then
echo "Illegal Hostname!";
exit 1;
fi
exit 0
]]>
</source>
<debug config:type="boolean">false</debug>
<feedback config:type="boolean">true</feedback>
</script>
<dialog config:type="integer">0</dialog>
<element config:type="integer">0</element>
<pathlist config:type="list">
<path>networking,dns,hostname</path>
</pathlist>
<question>Enter Hostname</question>
<default>enter your hostname here</default>
</ask>
</ask-list>
</general>4.34 Kernel Dumps #
With Kdump the system can create crashdump files if the whole kernel crashes. Crash dump files contain the memory contents while the system crashed. Such core files can be analyzed later by support or a (kernel) developer to find the reason for the system crash. Kdump is mostly useful for servers where you cannot easily reproduce such crashes but it is important to get the problem fixed.
There is a downside to this. Enabling Kdump requires between 64 MB and 128 MB of additional system RAM reserved for Kdump in case the system crashes and the dump needs to be generated.
This section only describes how to set up Kdump with AutoYaST. It does not describe how Kdump works. For details, refer to the kdump(7) manual page.
The following example shows a general Kdump configuration.
<kdump>
<!-- memory reservation -->
<add_crash_kernel config:type="boolean">true</add_crash_kernel>
<crash_kernel>256M-:64M</crash_kernel>
<general>
<!-- dump target settings -->
<KDUMP_SAVEDIR>ftp://stravinsky.suse.de/incoming/dumps</KDUMP_SAVEDIR>
<KDUMP_COPY_KERNEL>true</KDUMP_COPY_KERNEL>
<KDUMP_FREE_DISK_SIZE>64</KDUMP_FREE_DISK_SIZE>
<KDUMP_KEEP_OLD_DUMPS>5</KDUMP_KEEP_OLD_DUMPS>
<!-- filtering and compression -->
<KDUMP_DUMPFORMAT>compressed</KDUMP_DUMPFORMAT>
<KDUMP_DUMPLEVEL>1</KDUMP_DUMPLEVEL>
<!-- notification -->
<KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_TO>tux@example.com</KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_TO>
<KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_CC>spam@example.com devnull@example.com</KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_CC>
<KDUMP_SMTP_SERVER>mail.example.com</KDUMP_SMTP_SERVER>
<KDUMP_SMTP_USER></KDUMP_SMTP_USER>
<KDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORD></KDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORD>
<!-- kdump kernel -->
<KDUMP_KERNELVER></KDUMP_KERNELVER>
<KDUMP_COMMANDLINE></KDUMP_COMMANDLINE>
<KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND></KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND>
<!-- expert settings -->
<KDUMP_IMMEDIATE_REBOOT>yes</KDUMP_IMMEDIATE_REBOOT>
<KDUMP_VERBOSE>15</KDUMP_VERBOSE>
<KEXEC_OPTIONS></KEXEC_OPTIONS>
</general>
</kdump>Kdump is enabled by default. The following configuration show how it disable it.
<kdump> <add_crash_kernel config:type="boolean">false</add_crash_kernel> </kdump>
4.34.1 Memory Reservation #
The first step is to reserve memory for Kdump at boot-up. Because the
memory must be reserved very early during the boot process, the
configuration is done via a kernel command line parameter called
crashkernel. The reserved memory will be used to
load a second kernel which will be executed without rebooting if the
first kernel crashes. This second kernel has a special initrd, which
contains all programs necessary to save the dump over the network or to
disk, send a notification e-mail, and finally reboot.
To reserve memory for Kdump, specify the amount
(such as 64M to reserve 64 MB of memory from the
RAM) and the offset. The syntax is
crashkernel=AMOUNT@OFFSET. The kernel can
auto-detect the right offset (except for the Xen hypervisor, where
you need to specify 16M as offset). The amount of
memory that needs to be reserved depends on architecture and main
memory. Refer to
Section 18.7.1, “Manual Kdump Configuration” for recommendations on
the amount of memory to reserve for Kdump.
You can also use the extended command line syntax to specify the amount of reserved memory depending on the System RAM. That is useful if you share one AutoYaST control file for multiple installations or if you often remove or install memory on one machine. The syntax is:
BEGIN_RANGE_1-END_RANGE_1:AMOUNT_1,BEGIN_RANGE_2-END_RANGE_2:AMOUNT_2@OFFSET
BEGIN_RANGE_1 is the start of the first memory range
(for example: 0M) and END_RANGE_1
is the end of the first memory range (can be empty in case
infinity should be assumed) and so on. For example,
256M-2G:64M,2G-:128M reserves 64 MB of
crashkernel memory if the system has between 256 MB and 2 GB RAM and
reserves 128 MB of crashkernel memory if the system has more than 2 GB
RAM.
On the other hand, it is possible to specify multiple values for the
crashkernel parameter. For example, when you need to
reserve different segments of low and high memory, use values like
72M,low and 256M,high:
<kdump>
<!-- memory reservation (high and low) -->
<add_crash_kernel config:type="boolean">true</add_crash_kernel>
<crash_kernel config:type="list">
<listentry>72M,low</listentry>
<listentry>256M,high</listentry>
</crash_kernel>
</kdump>The following list shows the settings necessary to reserve memory:
add_crash_kernelSet to
trueif memory should be reserved and Kdump enabled.<add_crash_kernel config:type="boolean">true</add_crash_kernel>
required
crash_kernelUse the syntax of the crashkernel command line as discussed above.
<crash_kernel>256M:64M</crash_kernel>
A list of values is also supported.
<crash_kernel config:type="list"> <listentry>72M,low</listentry> <listentry>256M,high</listentry> </crash_kernel>
required
4.34.2 Dump Saving #
This section describes where and how crash dumps will be stored.
4.34.2.1 Target #
The element KDUMP_SAVEDIR specifies the URL to
where the dump is saved. The following methods are possible:
fileto save to the local disk,ftpto save to an FTP server (without encryption),sftpto save to an SSH2 SFTP server,nfsto save to an NFS location andcifsto save the dump to a CIFS/SMP export from Samba or Microsoft Windows.
For details see the kdump(5) manual page. Two examples are:
file:///var/crash (which is the default location
according to FHS) and
ftp://user:password@host:port/incoming/dumps. A
subdirectory, with the time stamp contained in the name, will be
created and the dumps saved there.
When the dump is saved to the local disk,
KDUMP_KEEP_OLD_DUMPS can be used to delete old
dumps automatically. Set it to the number of old dumps that should be
kept. If the target partition would end up with less free disk space
than specified in KDUMP_FREE_DISK_SIZE, the dump is
not saved.
To save the whole kernel and the debug information (if
installed) to the same directory, set
KDUMP_COPY_KERNEL to true. You
will have everything you need to analyze the dump in one directory
(except kernel modules and their debugging information).
4.34.2.2 Filtering and Compression #
The kernel dump is uncompressed and unfiltered. It can get as large as your system RAM. To get smaller files, compress the dump file afterward. The dump needs to be decompressed before opening.
To use page compression, which compresses every page and allows
dynamic decompression with the crash(8) debugging tool, set
KDUMP_DUMPFORMAT to compressed
(default).
You may not want to save all memory pages, for example those filled
with zeroes. To filter the dump, set the
KDUMP_DUMPLEVEL. 0 produces a full dump and 31 is
the smallest dump. The manual pages kdump(5) and makedumpfile(8) list
for each value which pages will be saved.
4.34.2.3 Summary #
KDUMP_SAVEDIRA URL that specifies the target to which the dump and related files will be saved.
<KDUMP_SAVEDIR>file:///var/crash/</KDUMP_SAVEDIR>
required
KDUMP_COPY_KERNELSet to
true, if not only the dump should be saved toKDUMP_SAVEDIRbut also the kernel and its debugging information (if installed).<KDUMP_COPY_KERNEL>false</KDUMP_COPY_KERNEL>
optional
KDUMP_FREE_DISK_SIZEDisk space in megabytes that must remain free after saving the dump. If not enough space is available, the dump will not be saved.
<KDUMP_FREE_DISK_SIZE>64</KDUMP_FREE_DISK_SIZE>
optional
KDUMP_KEEP_OLD_DUMPSThe number of dumps that are kept (not deleted) if
KDUMP_SAVEDIRpoints to a local directory. Specify 0 if you do not want any dumps to be automatically deleted, specify -1 if all dumps except the current one should be deleted.<KDUMP_KEEP_OLD_DUMPS>4</KDUMP_KEEP_OLD_DUMPS>
optional
4.34.3 E-Mail Notification #
Configure e-mail notification to be informed when a machine crashes and a dump is saved.
Because Kdump runs in the initrd, a local mail server cannot send the notification e-mail. An SMTP server needs to be specified (see below).
You need to provide exactly one address in
KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_TO. More addresses can be
specified in KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_CC. Only use e-mail
addresses in both cases, not a real name.
Specify KDUMP_SMTP_SERVER and (if the server needs
authentication) KDUMP_SMTP_USER and
KDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORD. Support for TLS/SSL is not
available but may be added in the future.
KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_TOExactly one e-mail address to which the e-mail should be sent. Additional recipients can be specified in
KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_CC.<KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_TO >tux@example.com</KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_TO>
optional (notification disabled if empty)
KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_CCZero, one or more recipients that are in the cc line of the notification e-mail.
<KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_CC >wilber@example.com suzanne@example.com</KDUMP_NOTIFICATION_CC>
optional
KDUMP_SMTP_SERVERHost name of the SMTP server used for mail delivery. SMTP authentication is supported (see
KDUMP_SMTP_USERandKDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORD) but TLS/SSL are not.<KDUMP_SMTP_SERVER>email.suse.de</KDUMP_SMTP_SERVER>
optional (notification disabled if empty)
KDUMP_SMTP_USERUser name used together with
KDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORDfor SMTP authentication.<KDUMP_SMTP_USER>bwalle</KDUMP_SMTP_USER>
optional
KDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORDPassword used together with
KDUMP_SMTP_USERfor SMTP authentication.<KDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORD>geheim</KDUMP_SMTP_PASSWORD>
optional
4.34.4 Kdump Kernel Settings #
As already mentioned, a special kernel is booted to save the dump. If
you do not want to use the auto-detection mechanism to find out which
kernel is used (see the kdump(5) manual page that describes the
algorithm which is used to find the kernel), you can specify the
version of a custom kernel in KDUMP_KERNELVER. If
you set it to foo, then the kernel located in
/boot/vmlinuz-foo or
/boot/vmlinux-foo (in that order on platforms that
have a vmlinuz file) will be used.
You can specify the command line used to boot the Kdump kernel.
Normally the boot command line is used, minus settings that are not
relevant for Kdump (like the crashkernel parameter)
plus some settings needed by Kdump (see the manual page kdump(5)). To
specify additional parameters, use KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND. If you
know what you are doing and you want to specify the entire command line,
set KDUMP_COMMANDLINE.
KDUMP_KERNELVERVersion string for the kernel used for Kdump. Leave it empty to use the auto-detection mechanism (strongly recommended).
<KDUMP_KERNELVER>2.6.27-default</KDUMP_KERNELVER>
optional (auto-detection if empty)
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPENDAdditional command line parameters for the Kdump kernel.
<KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND>console=ttyS0,57600</KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND>
optional
KDUMP_Command LineOverwrite the automatically generated Kdump command line. Use with care. Usually,
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPENDshould suffice.<KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND>root=/dev/sda5 maxcpus=1 irqpoll</KDUMP_COMMANDLINE>
optional
4.34.5 Expert Settings #
KDUMP_IMMEDIATE_REBOOTtrueif the system should be rebooted automatically after the dump has been saved,falseotherwise. The default is to reboot the system automatically.<KDUMP_IMMEDIATE_REBOOT>true</KDUMP_IMMEDIATE_REBOOT>
optional
KDUMP_VERBOSEBitmask that specifies how verbose the Kdump process should be. Read kdump(5) for details.
<KDUMP_VERBOSE>3</KDUMP_VERBOSE>
optional
KEXEC_OPTIONSAdditional options that are passed to kexec when loading the Kdump kernel. Normally empty.
<KEXEC_OPTIONS>--noio</KEXEC_OPTIONS>
optional
4.35 DNS Server #
The Bind DNS server can be configured by adding a dns-server
resource. The three more straightforward properties of that resource can
have a value of 1 to enable them or 0 to disable.
|
Attribute |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
0 / 1 |
The DNS server must be jailed in a chroot. |
|
|
0 / 1 |
Bind is enabled (executed on system start). |
|
|
0 / 1 |
Store the settings in LDAP instead of native configuration files. |
<dns-server> <chroot>0</chroot> <start_service>1</start_service> <use_ldap>0</use_ldap> </dns-server>
In addition to those basic settings, there are three properties of type list that can be used to fine-tune the service configuration.
|
List |
Description |
|---|---|
|
|
Options of the DNS server logging. |
|
|
Bind options like the files and directories to use, the list of forwarders and other configuration settings. |
|
|
List of DNS zones known by the server, including all the settings, records and SOA records. |
<dns-server>
<logging config:type="list">
<listentry>
<key>channel</key>
<value>log_syslog { syslog; }</value>
</listentry>
</logging>
<options config:type="list">
<option>
<key>forwarders</key>
<value>{ 10.10.0.1; }</value>
</option>
</options>
<zones config:type="list">
<listentry>
<is_new>1</is_new>
<modified>1</modified>
<options config:type="list"/>
<records config:type="list">
<listentry>
<key>mydom.uwe.</key>
<type>MX</type>
<value>0 mail.mydom.uwe.</value>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<key>mydom.uwe.</key>
<type>NS</type>
<value>ns.mydom.uwe.</value>
</listentry>
</records>
<soa>
<expiry>1w</expiry>
<mail>root.aaa.aaa.cc.</mail>
<minimum>1d</minimum>
<refresh>3h</refresh>
<retry>1h</retry>
<serial>2005082300</serial>
<server>aaa.aaa.cc.</server>
<zone>@</zone>
</soa>
<soa_modified>1</soa_modified>
<ttl>2d</ttl>
<type>master</type>
<update_actions config:type="list">
<listentry>
<key>mydom.uwe.</key>
<operation>add</operation>
<type>NS</type>
<value>ns.mydom.uwe.</value>
</listentry>
</update_actions>
<zone>mydom.uwe</zone>
</listentry>
</zones>
</dns-server>4.36 DHCP Server #
The dhcp-server resource makes it possible to configure
all the settings of a DHCP server by means of the six following properties.
|
Element |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
0 / 1 |
A value of 1 means that the DHCP server must be jailed in a chroot. |
|
|
0 / 1 |
Set this to 1 to enable the DHCP server (that is, run it on system startup). |
|
|
0 / 1 |
If set to 1, the settings will be stored in LDAP instead of native configuration files. |
|
|
Text |
String with parameters that will be passed to the DHCP server executable when started. For example, use "-p 1234" to listen on a non-standard 1234 port. For all possible options, consult the dhcpd manual page. If left blank, default values will be used. |
|
|
List |
List of network cards in which the DHCP server will be operating. See the example below for the exact format. |
|
|
List |
List of settings to configure the behavior of the DHCP server. The
configuration is defined in a tree-like structure where the root
represents the global options, with subnets and host nested from there.
The |
<dhcp-server>
<allowed_interfaces config:type="list">
<allowed_interface>eth0</allowed_interface>
</allowed_interfaces>
<chroot>0</chroot>
<other_options>-p 9000</other_options>
<start_service>1</start_service>
<use_ldap>0</use_ldap>
<settings config:type="list">
<settings_entry>
<children config:type="list"/>
<directives config:type="list">
<listentry>
<key>fixed-address</key>
<type>directive</type>
<value>192.168.0.10</value>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<key>hardware</key>
<type>directive</type>
<value>ethernet d4:00:00:bf:00:00</value>
</listentry>
</directives>
<id>static10</id>
<options config:type="list"/>
<parent_id>192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0</parent_id>
<parent_type>subnet</parent_type>
<type>host</type>
</settings_entry>
<settings_entry>
<children config:type="list">
<child>
<id>static10</id>
<type>host</type>
</child>
</children>
<directives config:type="list">
<listentry>
<key>range</key>
<type>directive</type>
<value>dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.150</value>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<key>default-lease-time</key>
<type>directive</type>
<value>14400</value>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<key>max-lease-time</key>
<type>directive</type>
<value>86400</value>
</listentry>
</directives>
<id>192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0</id>
<options config:type="list"/>
<parent_id/>
<parent_type/>
<type>subnet</type>
</settings_entry>
<settings_entry>
<children config:type="list">
<child>
<id>192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0</id>
<type>subnet</type>
</child>
</children>
<directives config:type="list">
<listentry>
<key>ddns-update-style</key>
<type>directive</type>
<value>none</value>
</listentry>
<listentry>
<key>default-lease-time</key>
<type>directive</type>
<value>14400</value>
</listentry>
</directives>
<id/>
<options config:type="list"/>
<parent_id/>
<parent_type/>
<type/>
</settings_entry>
</settings>
</dhcp-server>4.37 Firewall Configuration #
SuSEfirewall2 has been replaced by firewalld starting with
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 GA.
Profiles using SuSEfirewall2 properties will be translated
to firewalld profiles. However, not all profile
properties can be converted. For details about firewalld, refer to
Section 23.4, “firewalld”.
The use of SuSEFirewall2 based profiles will be only
partially supported as many options are not valid in firewalld and
some missing configuration could affect your network security.
4.37.1 General Firewall Configuration #
In firewalld the general configuration only exposes a few
properties and most of the configuration is done by zones.
|
Attribute |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
Boolean |
Whether |
|
|
Boolean |
Whether |
|
|
Zone name |
The default zone is used for everything that is not explicitly assigned. |
|
|
Type of dropped packets to be logged |
Enable logging of dropped packets for the type selected. Values:
|
|
|
Identifier of zone |
Used to identify a zone. If the zone is not known yet, a new zone will be created. |
|
|
Short summary of zone |
Briefly summarizes the purpose of the zone. Ignored for already existing zones. If not specified, the name is used. |
|
|
Description of zone |
Describes the purpose of the zone. Ignored for already existing zones. If not specified, the name is used. |
|
|
Default action |
Defines the default action in the zone if no rule matches. Possible
values are |
4.37.2 Firewall Zones Configuration #
The configuration of firewalld is based on the existence of several zones
which define the trust level for a connection, interface or source address.
The behavior of each zone can be tweaked in several ways although not all
the properties are exposed yet.
|
Attributes |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
List of interface names |
List of interface names assigned to this zone. Interfaces or sources can only be part of one zone. |
|
|
List of services |
List of services accessible in this zone. |
|
|
List of ports |
List of single ports or ranges to be opened in the assigned zone. |
|
|
List of protocols |
List of protocols to be opened or be accessible in the assigned zone. |
|
|
Enable masquerade |
It will enable or disable network address translation (NAT) in the assigned zone. |
4.37.3 A Full Example #
A full example of the firewall section, including general and zone specific properties could look like this.
<firewall>
<enable_firewall config:type="boolean">true</enable_firewall>
<log_denied_packets>all</log_denied_packets>
<default_zone>external</default_zone>
<zones config:type="list">
<zone>
<name>public</name>
<interfaces config:type="list">
<interface>eth0</interface>
</interfaces>
<services config:type="list">
<service>ssh</service>
<service>dhcp</service>
<service>dhcpv6</service>
<service>samba</service>
<service>vnc-server</service>
</services>
<ports config:type="list">
<port>21/udp</port>
<port>22/udp</port>
<port>80/tcp</port>
<port>443/tcp</port>
<port>8080/tcp</port>
</ports>
</zone>
<zone>
<name>dmz</name>
<interfaces config:type="list">
<interface>eth1</interface>
</interfaces>
</zone>
</zones>
</firewall>4.38 Miscellaneous Hardware and System Components #
In addition to the core component configuration, like network authentication and security, AutoYaST offers a wide range of hardware and system configuration options, the same as available by default on any system installed manually and in an interactive way. For example, it is possible to configure printers, sound devices, TV cards and any other hardware components which have a module within YaST.
Any new configuration options added to YaST will be automatically available in AutoYaST.
4.38.1 Printer #
AutoYaST support for printing is limited to basic settings defining how CUPS is used on a client for printing via the network.
There is no AutoYaST support for setting up local print queues. Modern
printers are usually connected via USB. CUPS accesses USB printers by a
model-specific device URI like
usb://ACME/FunPrinter?serial=1a2b3c. Usually it is
not possible to predict the correct USB device URI in advance, because
it is determined by the CUPS back-end usb during
runtime. Therefore it is not possible to set up local print queues with
AutoYaST.
Basics on how CUPS is used on a client workstation to print via network:
On client workstations application programs submit print jobs to the
CUPS daemon process (cupsd).
cupsd forwards the print jobs to a CUPS print
server in the network where the print jobs are processed. The server
sends the printer specific data to the printer device.
If there is only a single CUPS print server in the network, there is no
need to have a CUPS daemon running on each client workstation. Instead
it is simpler to specify the CUPS server in
/etc/cups/client.conf and access it directly (only
one CUPS server entry can be set). In this case application programs
that run on client workstations submit print jobs directly to the
specified CUPS print server.
Example 4.74, “Printer configuration” shows a printer
configuration section. The cupsd_conf_content entry
contains the whole verbatim content of the
cupsd configuration file
/etc/cups/cupsd.conf. The
client_conf_content entry contains the whole
verbatim content of /etc/cups/client.conf. The
printer section contains the
cupsd configuration but it does
not specify whether the cupsd should run.
<printer>
<client_conf_content>
<file_contents><![CDATA[
... verbatim content of /etc/cups/client.conf ...
]]></file_contents>
</client_conf_content>
<cupsd_conf_content>
<file_contents><![CDATA[
... verbatim content of /etc/cups/cupsd.conf ...
]]></file_contents>
</cupsd_conf_content>
</printer>/etc/cups/cups-files.conf
With release 1.6 the CUPS configuration file has been split into two
files: cupsd.conf and
cups-files.conf. As of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2,
AutoYaST only supports modifying cupsd.conf since
the default settings in cups-files.conf are
sufficient for usual printing setups.
4.38.2 Sound devices #
An example of the sound configuration created using the configuration system is shown below.
<sound>
<autoinstall config:type="boolean">true</autoinstall>
<modules_conf config:type="list">
<module_conf>
<alias>snd-card-0</alias>
<model>M5451, ALI</model>
<module>snd-ali5451</module>
<options>
<snd_enable>1</snd_enable>
<snd_index>0</snd_index>
<snd_pcm_channels>32</snd_pcm_channels>
</options>
</module_conf>
</modules_conf>
<volume_settings config:type="list">
<listentry>
<Master config:type="integer">75</Master>
</listentry>
</volume_settings>
</sound>4.39 Importing SSH Keys and Configuration #
YaST allows SSH keys and server configuration to be imported from previous installations. The behavior of this feature can also be controlled through an AutoYaST profile.
<ssh_import> <import config:type="boolean">true</import> <copy_config config:type="boolean">true</copy_config> <device>/dev/sda2</device> </ssh_import>
|
Attributes |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
true / false |
SSH keys will be imported. If set to
|
|
|
true / false |
Additionally, SSH server configuration will be imported.
This setting will not have effect if
|
|
|
Partition |
Partition to import keys and configuration from. If it is not set, the partition which contains the most recently accessed key is used. |
4.40 Configuration Management #
AutoYaST allows delegating part of the configuration to a configuration management tool like Salt. AutoYaST takes care of the basic system installation (partitioning, network setup, etc.) and the remaining configuration tasks can be delegated.
Although Puppet is mentioned in this document, only Salt is supported. Nevertheless, feel free to report any problem you might find with Puppet.
AutoYaST supports two different approaches:
Using a configuration management server. In this case, AutoYaST sets up a configuration management tool. It connects to a master server to get the instructions to configure the system.
Getting the configuration from elsewhere (for example, an HTTP server or a flash disk like a USB stick) and running the configuration management tool in stand-alone mode.
4.40.1 Connecting to a Configuration Management Server #
This approach is especially useful when a configuration management server (a master in Salt and Puppet jargon) is already in place. In this case, the hardest part might be to set up a proper authentication mechanism.
Both Salt and Puppet support the following authentication methods:
Manual authentication on the fly. When AutoYaST starts the client, a new authentication request is generated. The administrator can manually accept this request on the server. AutoYaST will retry the connection. If the key was accepted meanwhile, AutoYaST continues the installation.
Using a preseed key. Refer to the documentation of your configuration management system of choice to find out how to generate them. Use the
keys_urloption to tell AutoYaST where to look for them.
With the configuration example below, AutoYaST will launch the client to generate the authentication request. It will try to connect up to three times, waiting 15 seconds between each try.
<configuration_management>
<type>salt</type>
<master>my-salt-server.example.net</master>
<auth_attempts config:type="integer">3</auth_attempts>
<auth_time_out config:type="integer">15</auth_time_out>
</configuration_management>However, with the following example, AutoYaST will retrieve the keys from a flash disk (for example, a USB stick) and will use them to connect to the master server.
<configuration_management>
<type>salt</type>
<master>my-salt-server.example.net</master>
<keys_url>usb:/</keys_url>
</configuration_management>The table below summarizes the supported options for these scenarios.
|
Attributes |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
String |
Configuration management name. Currently only |
|
|
String |
Host name or IP address of the configuration management server. |
|
|
Integer |
Maximum attempts to connect to the server. The default is three attempts. |
|
|
Integer |
Time (in seconds) between attempts to connect to the server. The default is 15 seconds. |
|
|
URL of used key |
Path to an HTTP server, hard disk, flash drive or similar with
the files |
|
|
True/False |
Enables the configuration management services on the client
side after the installation. The default is |
4.40.2 Running in Stand-alone Mode #
For simple scenarios, deploying a configuration management server is unnecessary. Instead, use Salt or Puppet in stand-alone (or masterless) mode.
As there is no server, AutoYaST needs to know where to get the configuration from. Put the configuration into a TAR archive and store it anywhere (for example, on a flash drive, an HTTP/HTTPS server, an NFS/SMB share).
The TAR archive must have the same layout that is expected under
/srv in a Salt server. This means that you need to
place your Salt states in a salt directory and your
formulas in a separate formulas directory.
Additionally, you can have a pillar directory
containing the pillar data. Alternatively, you can provide that data in a
separate TAR archive by using the pillar_url option.
<configuration_management>
<type>salt</type>
<states_url>my-salt-server.example.net</states_url>
<pillar_url>my-salt-server.example.net</pillar_url>
</configuration_management>|
Attributes |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
|
String |
Configuration management name. Currently only |
|
|
URL |
Location of the Salt states TAR archive. It may include formulas and pillars.
Files must be located in a |
|
|
URL |
Location of the TAR archive that contains the pillars. |
|
|
URL |
Location of Puppet modules. |
4.40.3 SUSE Manager Salt Formulas Support #
AutoYaST offers support for SUSE Manager Salt Formulas when running in stand-alone mode. In case a formula is found in the states TAR archive, AutoYaST displays a screen which allows the user to select and configure the formulas to apply.
Bear in mind that this feature defeats the AutoYaST purpose of performing an unattended installation, as AutoYaST will wait for the user's input.