12 Advanced configuration #

Most of the examples make use of the ceph client command. A quick way to use the Ceph client suite is from a Rook Toolbox container.

The Kubernetes based examples assume Rook OSD pods are in the rook-ceph namespace. If you run them in a different namespace, modify kubectl -n rook-ceph [...] to fit your situation.

Note

For extensive info about creating Ceph users, refer to 30.2.2項 「ユーザの管理」

Using a custom Ceph user and secret key can be done for both file system and block storage.

Create a custom user in Ceph with read-write access in the /bar directory on CephFS (For Ceph Mimic or newer, use data=POOL_NAME instead of pool=POOL_NAME):

cephuser@adm > ceph auth get-or-create-key client.user1 mon \
 'allow r' osd 'allow rw tag cephfs pool=YOUR_FS_DATA_POOL' \
 mds 'allow r, allow rw path=/bar'

The command will return a Ceph secret key. This key should be added as a secret in Kubernetes like this:

kubectl@adm > kubectl create secret generic ceph-user1-secret --from-literal=key=YOUR_CEPH_KEY

Note

This secret key must be created with the same name in each namespace where the StorageClass will be used.

In addition to this secret key, you must create a RoleBinding to allow the Rook Ceph agent to get the secret from each namespace. The RoleBinding is optional if you are using a ClusterRoleBinding for the Rook Ceph agent secret-key access. A ClusterRole which contains the permissions which are needed and used for the Bindings is shown as an example after the next step.

On a StorageClass parameters set the following options:

mountUser: user1
mountSecret: ceph-user1-secret

If you want the Rook-Ceph agent to require a mountUser and mountSecret to be set in StorageClasses using Rook, you need to set the environment variable AGENT_MOUNT_SECURITY_MODE to Restricted on the Rook-Ceph Operator deployment.

For more information on using the Ceph feature to limit access to CephFS paths, see http://docs.ceph.com/docs/mimic/cephfs/client-auth/#path-restriction.

12.1.2.1 Creating the ClusterRole #

 

Note

When you are using the Helm chart to install the Rook-Ceph Operator, and have set mountSecurityMode to, for example, Restricted, then the below ClusterRole has already been created for you.

This ClusterRole is needed no matter whether you want to use one RoleBinding per namespace or a ClusterRoleBinding.

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph-agent-mount
  labels:
    operator: rook
    storage-backend: ceph
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - secrets
  verbs:
  - get

12.1.2.2 Creating the RoleBinding #

 

Note

You either need a RoleBinding in each namespace in which a mount secret resides in, or create a ClusterRoleBinding with which the Rook Ceph agent has access to Kubernetes secrets in all namespaces.

Create the RoleBinding shown here in each namespace for which the Rook Ceph agent should read secrets for mounting. The RoleBinding subjects' namespace must be the one the Rook-Ceph agent runs in (default rook-ceph for version 1.0 and newer; for previous versions, the default namespace was rook-ceph-system).

Replace namespace: name-of-namespace-with-mountsecret according to the name of all namespaces a mountSecret can be in.

kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph-agent-mount
  namespace: name-of-namespace-with-mountsecret
  labels:
    operator: rook
    storage-backend: ceph
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: rook-ceph-agent-mount
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: rook-ceph-system
  namespace: rook-ceph

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph-agent-mount
  labels:
    operator: rook
    storage-backend: ceph
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: rook-ceph-agent-mount
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: rook-ceph-system
  namespace: rook-ceph

All Rook logs can be collected in a Kubernetes environment with the following command:

for p in $(kubectl -n rook-ceph get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}')
do
  for c in $(kubectl -n rook-ceph get pod ${p} -o jsonpath='{.spec.containers[*].name}')
  do
    echo "BEGIN logs from pod: ${p} ${c}"
    kubectl -n rook-ceph logs -c ${c} ${p}
    echo "END logs from pod: ${p} ${c}"
  done
done

This gets the logs for every container in every Rook pod, and then compresses them into a .gz archive for easy sharing. Note that instead of gzip, you could instead pipe to less or to a single text file.

Keeping track of OSDs and their underlying storage devices can be difficult. The following scripts will clear things up quickly.

# Get OSD Pods
# This uses the example/default cluster name "rook"
OSD_PODS=$(kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -l \
app=rook-ceph-osd,rook_cluster=rook-ceph -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}')

# Find node and drive associations from OSD pods
for pod in $(echo ${OSD_PODS})
do
  echo "Pod:  ${pod}"
  echo "Node: $(kubectl -n rook-ceph get pod ${pod} -o jsonpath='{.spec.nodeName}')"
  kubectl -n rook-ceph exec ${pod} -- sh -c '\
  for i in /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-*; do
    [ -f ${i}/ready ] || continue
    echo -ne "-$(basename ${i}) "
    echo $(lsblk -n -o NAME,SIZE ${i}/block 2> /dev/null || \
    findmnt -n -v -o SOURCE,SIZE -T ${i}) $(cat ${i}/type)
  done | sort -V
  echo'
done

Pod:  osd-m2fz2
Node: node1.zbrbdl
-osd0  sda3  557.3G  bluestore
-osd1  sdf3  110.2G  bluestore
-osd2  sdd3  277.8G  bluestore
-osd3  sdb3  557.3G  bluestore
-osd4  sde3  464.2G  bluestore
-osd5  sdc3  557.3G  bluestore

Pod:  osd-nxxnq
Node: node3.zbrbdl
-osd6   sda3  110.7G  bluestore
-osd17  sdd3  1.8T    bluestore
-osd18  sdb3  231.8G  bluestore
-osd19  sdc3  231.8G  bluestore

Pod:  osd-tww1h
Node: node2.zbrbdl
-osd7   sdc3  464.2G  bluestore
-osd8   sdj3  557.3G  bluestore
-osd9   sdf3  66.7G   bluestore
-osd10  sdd3  464.2G  bluestore
-osd11  sdb3  147.4G  bluestore
-osd12  sdi3  557.3G  bluestore
-osd13  sdk3  557.3G  bluestore
-osd14  sde3  66.7G   bluestore
-osd15  sda3  110.2G  bluestore
-osd16  sdh3  135.1G  bluestore

Note

Instead of manually needing to set this, the deviceClass property can be used on pool structures in CephBlockPool, CephFilesystem and CephObjectStore CRD objects.

By default Rook-Ceph puts all storage under one replication rule in the CRUSH Map which provides the maximum amount of storage capacity for a cluster. If you would like to use different storage endpoints for different purposes, you need to create separate storage groups.

In the following example we will separate SSD drives from spindle-based drives, a common practice for those looking to target certain workloads onto faster (database) or slower (file archive) storage.

Warning

The advised method for controlling Ceph configuration is to manually use the Ceph CLI or the Ceph Dashboard, because this offers the most flexibility. We recommend that this is used only when absolutely necessary, and that the config is reset to an empty string if or when the configurations are no longer necessary. Configurations in the config file will make the Ceph cluster less configurable from the CLI and Ceph Dashboard and may make future tuning or debugging difficult.

Setting configs via Ceph's CLI requires that at least one MON is available for the configs to be set, and setting configs via Ceph Dashboard requires at least one MGR to be available. Ceph may also have a small number of very advanced settings that are not able to be modified easily via CLI or Ceph Dashboard. In order to set configurations before MONs are available or to set problematic configuration settings, the rook-config-override ConfigMap exists, and the config field can be set with the contents of a ceph.conf file. The contents will be propagated to all MON, MGR, OSD, MDS, and RGW daemons as an /etc/ceph/ceph.conf file.

Warning

Rook performs no validation on the config, so the validity of the settings is the user's responsibility.

If the rook-config-override ConfigMap is created before the cluster is started, the Ceph daemons will automatically pick up the settings. If you add the settings to the ConfigMap after the cluster has been initialized, each daemon will need to be restarted where you want the settings applied:

After the pod restart, the new settings should be in effect. Note that if the ConfigMap in the Ceph cluster's namespace is created before the cluster is created, the daemons will pick up the settings at first launch.

12.1.7.1 Custom ceph.conf example #

 

In this example we will set the default pool size to two, and tell OSD daemons not to change the weight of OSDs on startup.

Warning

Modify Ceph settings carefully. You are leaving the sandbox tested by Rook. Changing the settings could result in unhealthy daemons or even data loss if used incorrectly.

When the Rook Operator creates a cluster, a placeholder ConfigMap is created that will allow you to override Ceph configuration settings. When the daemon pods are started, the settings specified in this ConfigMap will be merged with the default settings generated by Rook.

The default override settings are blank. Cutting out the extraneous properties, we would see the following defaults after creating a cluster:

kubectl@adm > kubectl -n rook-ceph get ConfigMap rook-config-override -o yaml
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: rook-config-override
  namespace: rook-ceph
data:
  config: ""

To apply your desired configuration, you will need to update this ConfigMap. The next time the daemon pod(s) start, they will use the updated configs.

kubectl@adm > kubectl -n rook-ceph edit configmap rook-config-override

Modify the settings and save. Each line you add should be indented from the config property as such:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: rook-config-override
  namespace: rook-ceph
data:
  config: |
    [global]
    osd crush update on start = false
    osd pool default size = 2

A useful view of the CRUSH Map (see 第17章 「保存データの管理」 for more details) is generated with the following command:

cephuser@adm > ceph osd tree

In this section we will be tweaking some of the values seen in the output.

cephuser@adm > ceph osd crush reweight osd.0 .600

cephuser@adm >  osd primary-affinity osd.0 0

If you have OSDs in which are not showing any disks, you can remove those “Phantom OSDs” by following the instructions below. To check for “Phantom OSDs”, you can run:

cephuser@adm > ceph osd tree

An example output looks like this:

ID  CLASS WEIGHT   TYPE NAME                STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
-1        57.38062 root default
-13        7.17258 host node1.example.com
2   hdd    3.61859      osd.2               up     1.00000  1.00000
-7              0  host node2.example.com   down   0        1.00000

The host node2.example.com in the output has no disks, so it is most likely a “Phantom OSD”.

Now to remove it, use the ID in the first column of the output and replace <ID> with it. In the example output above the ID would be -7. The commands are:

cephuser@adm > ceph osd out ID
cephuser@adm > ceph osd crush remove osd.ID
cephuser@adm > ceph auth del osd.ID
cephuser@adm > ceph osd rm ID

To recheck that the phantom OSD was removed, re-run the following command and check if the OSD with the ID does not show up anymore:

ceph osd tree

In Rook, it is now possible to indicate how the default CRUSH failure domain rule must be configured in order to ensure that replicas or erasure code shards are separated across hosts, and a single host failure does not affect availability. For instance, this is an example manifest of a block pool named replicapool configured with a failureDomain set to osd:

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephBlockPool
metadata:
  name: replicapool
  namespace: rook
spec:
  # The failure domain will spread the replicas of the data across different failure zones
  failureDomain: osd
[...]

However, due to several reasons, we may need to change such failure domain to its other value: host. Unfortunately, changing it directly in the YAML manifest is not currently handled by Rook, so we need to perform the change directly using Ceph commands using the Rook tools pod, for instance:

cephuser@adm > ceph osd pool get replicapool crush_rule
crush_rule: replicapool
cephuser@adm > ceph osd crush rule create-replicated replicapool_host_rule default host

Notice that the suffix host_rule in the name of the rule is just for clearness about the type of rule we are creating here, and can be anything else as long as it is different from the existing one. Once the new rule has been created, we simply apply it to our block pool:

cephuser@adm > ceph osd pool set replicapool crush_rule replicapool_host_rule

And validate that it has been actually applied properly:

cephuser@adm > ceph osd pool get replicapool crush_rule
crush_rule: replicapool_host_rule

If the cluster's health was HEALTH_OK when we performed this change, immediately, the new rule is applied to the cluster transparently without service disruption.

Exactly the same approach can be used to change from host back to osd.