支付卡行业数据安全标准 (PCI DSS) 指南 #

支付卡行业数据安全标准 (PCI DSS) 是指导商家保护持卡人数据的一套要求。该标准涵盖当前涉及 12 个要求主题的六个主要类别，规定如何实施、保护、维护和监视在信用卡持卡人数据处理中所涉及的系统。

PCI DSS 由 PCI 安全标准理事会 (SSC) 制定和维护，该理事会由 Visa、MasterCard、American Express、Discover 和 JCB 五大信用卡机构创立。2004 年 12 月发布了 PCI DSS 1.0，目的是解决日益猖獗的在线信用卡欺诈威胁。最新版本 PCI DSS 4.0 发布于 2022 年 3 月。

PCI DSS 的大多数要求都是针对组织的指导原则，可帮助确保涉及持卡人数据的方方面面的安全性。对于技术方面，通常不会使用具体的措辞。

这意味着，需要由审计人员确定哪些安全性设置符合要求，哪些不符合要求。因此，本文档中的建议只能为实施 PCI DSS 提供一个入手点，需要进一步探讨。

PCI DSS 中的许多方面都与持卡人数据相关。其中并非所有方面都与操作系统相关，本文档不会着重说明这些不相关的方面，而是重点介绍影响操作系统配置的方面，包括：

以下主题不在本文档的范畴内：数据处理应用程序、数据库设计，以及不属于操作系统范围的正式流程。具体而言，本文档不会详细讨论要求 9（限制物理访问）和要求 12（维护策略）。

下面的章节按照标准本身的顺序对 PCI DSS 的相关部分进行了概述。

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