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documentation.suse.com / Documentazione di SUSE Enterprise Storage 7 / Deploying and Administering SUSE Enterprise Storage with Rook / Administrating Ceph on SUSE CaaS Platform / Ceph cluster custom resource definitions
Si applica a SUSE Enterprise Storage 7

5 Ceph cluster custom resource definitions

5.1 Ceph cluster CRD

Rook allows the creation and customization of storage clusters through Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs). There are two different methods of cluster creation, depending on whether the storage on which to base the Ceph cluster can be dynamically provisioned.

  1. Specify the host paths and raw devices.

  2. Specify the storage class Rook should use to consume storage via PVCs.

Examples for each of these approaches follow.

5.1.1 Host-based cluster

To get you started, here is a simple example of a CRD to configure a Ceph cluster with all nodes and all devices. In the next example, the MONs and OSDs are backed by PVCs.

Nota
Nota

In addition to your CephCluster object, you need to create the namespace, service accounts, and RBAC rules for the namespace in which you will create the CephCluster. These resources are defined in the example common.yaml file.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    # see the "Cluster Settings" section below for more details on which image of Ceph to run
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: true
  storage:
    useAllNodes: true
    useAllDevices: true

5.1.2 PVC-based cluster

Nota
Nota

Kubernetes version 1.13.0 or greater is required to provision OSDs on PVCs.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    # see the "Cluster Settings" section below for more details on which image of Ceph to run
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    volumeClaimTemplate:
      spec:
        storageClassName: local-storage
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 10Gi
  storage:
   storageClassDeviceSets:
    - name: set1
      count: 3
      portable: false
      tuneDeviceClass: false
      encrypted: false
      volumeClaimTemplates:
      - metadata:
          name: data
        spec:
          resources:
            requests:
              storage: 10Gi
          # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, gp2)
          storageClassName: local-storage
          volumeMode: Block
          accessModes:
            - ReadWriteOnce

For more advanced scenarios, such as adding a dedicated device, please refer to Sezione 5.1.4.8, «Dedicated metadata and WAL device for OSD on PVC».

5.1.3 Settings

Settings can be specified at the global level to apply to the cluster as a whole, while other settings can be specified at more fine-grained levels. If any setting is unspecified, a suitable default will be used automatically.

5.1.3.1 Cluster metadata

  • name: The name that will be used internally for the Ceph cluster. Most commonly, the name is the same as the namespace since multiple clusters are not supported in the same namespace.

  • namespace: The Kubernetes namespace that will be created for the Rook cluster. The services, pods, and other resources created by the operator will be added to this namespace. The common scenario is to create a single Rook cluster. If multiple clusters are created, they must not have conflicting devices or host paths.

5.1.3.2 Cluster settings

  • external:

    • enable: if true, the cluster will not be managed by Rook but via an external entity. This mode is intended to connect to an existing cluster. In this case, Rook will only consume the external cluster. However, if an image is provided, Rook will be able to deploy various daemons in Kubernetes, such as object gateways, MDS and NFS. If an image is not provided, it will refuse. If this setting is enabled, all the other options will be ignored except cephVersion.image and dataDirHostPath. See Sezione 5.1.4.9, «External cluster». If cephVersion.image is left blank, Rook will refuse the creation of extra CRs such as object, file and NFS.

  • cephVersion: The version information for launching the Ceph daemons.

    • image: The image used for running the Ceph daemons. For example, ceph/ceph:v14.2.10 or ceph/ceph:v15.2.4. To ensure a consistent version of the image is running across all nodes in the cluster, we recommend to use a very specific image version. Tags also exist that would give the latest version, but they are only recommended for test environments. For example, the tag v14 will be updated each time a new nautilus build is released. Using the v14 or similar tag is not recommended in production because it may lead to inconsistent versions of the image running across different nodes in the cluster.

  • dataDirHostPath: The path on the host where config and data should be stored for each of the services. If the directory does not exist, it will be created. Because this directory persists on the host, it will remain after pods are deleted. You must not use the following paths and any of their subpaths: /etc/ceph, /rook or /var/log/ceph.

    • On Minikube environments, use /data/rook. Minikube boots into a tmpfs but it provides some directories where files can persist across reboots. Using one of these directories will ensure that Rook’s data and configuration files persist and that enough storage space is available.

      Avvertimento
      Avvertimento

      WARNING: For test scenarios, if you delete a cluster and start a new cluster on the same hosts, the path used by dataDirHostPath must be deleted. Otherwise, stale keys and other configuration will remain from the previous cluster and the new MONs will fail to start. If this value is empty, each pod will get an ephemeral directory to store their config files that is tied to the lifetime of the pod running on that node.

  • continueUpgradeAfterChecksEvenIfNotHealthy: if set to true, Rook will continue the OSD daemon upgrade process even if the PGs are not clean, or continue with the MDS upgrade even the file system is not healthy.

  • dashboard: Settings for the Ceph Dashboard. To view the dashboard in your browser, see Parte I, «Ceph Dashboard».

    • enabled: Whether to enable the dashboard to view cluster status.

    • urlPrefix: Allows serving the dashboard under a subpath (useful when you are accessing the dashboard via a reverse proxy).

    • port: Allows changing the default port where the dashboard is served.

    • ssl: Whether to serve the dashboard via SSL; ignored on Ceph versions older than 13.2.2.

  • monitoring: Settings for monitoring Ceph using Prometheus. To enable monitoring on your cluster, see the Capitolo 16, Monitoraggio e creazione di avvisi.

    • enabled: Whether to enable-Prometheus based monitoring for this cluster.

    • rulesNamespace: Namespace to deploy prometheusRule. If empty, the namespace of the cluster will be used. We recommend:

      • If you have a single Rook Ceph cluster, set the rulesNamespace to the same namespace as the cluster, or leave it empty.

      • If you have multiple Rook Ceph clusters in the same Kubernetes cluster, choose the same namespace to set rulesNamespace for all the clusters (ideally, namespace with Prometheus deployed). Otherwise, you will get duplicate alerts with duplicate alert definitions.

  • network: For the network settings for the cluster, refer to Sezione 5.1.3.5, «Network configuration settings».

  • mon: contains MON related options Sezione 5.1.3.3, «MON settings».

  • mgr: manager top level section.

    • modules: is the list of Ceph Manager modules to enable.

  • crashCollector: The settings for crash collector daemon(s).

    • disable: if set to true, the crash collector will not run on any node where a Ceph daemon runs.

  • annotations: Sezione 5.1.3.10, «Annotations and labels»

  • labels: Sezione 5.1.3.10, «Annotations and labels»

  • placement: Sezione 5.1.3.11, «Placement configuration settings»

  • resources: Sezione 5.1.3.12, «Cluster-wide resources configuration settings»

  • priorityClassNames: Sezione 5.1.3.14, «Priority class names configuration settings»

  • storage: Storage selection and configuration that will be used across the cluster. Note that these settings can be overridden for specific nodes.

    • useAllNodes: true or false, indicating if all nodes in the cluster should be used for storage according to the cluster level storage selection and configuration values. If individual nodes are specified under the nodes field, then useAllNodes must be set to false.

    • nodes: Names of individual nodes in the cluster that should have their storage included in accordance with either the cluster level configuration specified above or any node specific overrides described in the next section below. useAllNodes must be set to false to use specific nodes and their configuration. See Sezione 5.1.3.6, «Node settings» below.

    • config: Config settings applied to all OSDs on the node unless overridden by devices.

    • Sezione 5.1.3.7, «Storage selection settings»

    • Sezione 5.1.3.8, «Storage class device sets»

  • disruptionManagement: The section for configuring management of daemon disruptions

    • managePodBudgets: if true, the operator will create and manage PodDisruptionBudgets for OSD, MON, RGW, and MDS daemons. The operator will block eviction of OSDs by default and unblock them safely when drains are detected.

    • osdMaintenanceTimeout: is a duration in minutes that determines how long an entire failure domain like region/zone/host will be held in noout (in addition to the default DOWN/OUT interval) when it is draining. This is only relevant when managePodBudgets is true. The default value is 30 minutes.

    • manageMachineDisruptionBudgets: if true, the operator will create and manage MachineDisruptionBudgets to ensure OSDs are only fenced when the cluster is healthy. Only available on OpenShift.

    • machineDisruptionBudgetNamespace: the namespace in which to watch the MachineDisruptionBudgets.

  • removeOSDsIfOutAndSafeToRemove: If true the operator will remove the OSDs that are down and whose data has been restored to other OSDs.

  • cleanupPolicy: Sezione 5.1.4.10, «Cleanup policy»

5.1.3.3 MON settings

  • count: Set the number of MONs to be started. This should be an odd number between one and nine. If not specified, the default is set to three, and allowMultiplePerNode is also set to true.

  • allowMultiplePerNode: Enable (true) or disable (false) the placement of multiple MONs on one node. Default is false.

  • volumeClaimTemplate: A PersistentVolumeSpec used by Rook to create PVCs for monitor storage. This field is optional, and when not provided, HostPath volume mounts are used. The current set of fields from template that are used are storageClassName and the storage resource request and limit. The default storage size request for new PVCs is 10Gi. Ensure that associated storage class is configured to use volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer. This setting only applies to new monitors that are created when the requested number of monitors increases, or when a monitor fails and is recreated.

If these settings are changed in the CRD, the operator will update the number of MONs during a periodic check of the MON health, which by default is every 45 seconds.

To change the defaults that the operator uses to determine the MON health and whether to failover a MON, refer to the Sezione 5.1.3.15, «Health settings». The intervals should be small enough that you have confidence the MONs will maintain quorum, while also being long enough to ignore network blips where MONs are failed over too often.

5.1.3.4 Ceph Manager settings

You can use the cluster CR to enable or disable any manager module. For example, this can be configured:

mgr:
  modules:
  - name: <name of the module>
    enabled: true

Some modules will have special configuration to ensure the module is fully functional after being enabled. Specifically, the pg_autoscaler—Rook will configure all new pools with PG autoscaling by setting: osd_pool_default_pg_autoscale_mode = on

5.1.3.5 Network configuration settings

If not specified, the default SDN will be used. Configure the network that will be enabled for the cluster and services.

  • provider: Specifies the network provider that will be used to connect the network interface.

  • selectors: List the network selector(s) that will be used associated by a key.

Nota
Nota

Changing networking configuration after a Ceph cluster has been deployed is not supported and will result in a non-functioning cluster.

To use host networking, set provider: host.

5.1.3.6 Node settings

In addition to the cluster level settings specified above, each individual node can also specify configuration to override the cluster level settings and defaults. If a node does not specify any configuration, then it will inherit the cluster level settings.

When useAllNodes is set to true, Rook attempts to make Ceph cluster management as hands-off as possible while still maintaining reasonable data safety. If a usable node comes online, Rook will begin to use it automatically. To maintain a balance between hands-off usability and data safety, nodes are removed from Ceph as OSD hosts only (1) if the node is deleted from Kubernetes itself or (2) if the node has its taints or affinities modified in such a way that the node is no longer usable by Rook. Any changes to taints or affinities, intentional or unintentional, may affect the data reliability of the Ceph cluster. In order to help protect against this somewhat, deletion of nodes by taint or affinity modifications must be confirmed by deleting the Rook-Ceph operator pod and allowing the operator deployment to restart the pod.

For production clusters, we recommend that useAllNodes is set to false to prevent the Ceph cluster from suffering reduced data reliability unintentionally due to a user mistake. When useAllNodes is set to false, Rook relies on the user to be explicit about when nodes are added to or removed from the Ceph cluster. Nodes are only added to the Ceph cluster if the node is added to the Ceph cluster resource. Similarly, nodes are only removed if the node is removed from the Ceph cluster resource.

5.1.3.6.1 Node updates

Nodes can be added and removed over time by updating the cluster CRD —for example, with the following command:

kubectl -n rook-ceph edit cephcluster rook-ceph

This will bring up your default text editor and allow you to add and remove storage nodes from the cluster. This feature is only available when useAllNodes has been set to false.

5.1.3.7 Storage selection settings

Below are the settings available, both at the cluster and individual node level, for selecting which storage resources will be included in the cluster.

  • useAllDevices: true or false, indicating whether all devices found on nodes in the cluster should be automatically consumed by OSDs. This is Not recommended unless you have a very controlled environment where you will not risk formatting of devices with existing data. When true, all devices/partitions will be used. Is overridden by deviceFilter if specified.

  • deviceFilter: A regular expression for short kernel names of devices (for example, sda) that allows selection of devices to be consumed by OSDs. If individual devices have been specified for a node then this filter will be ignored. For example:

    • sdb: Selects only the sdb device (if found).

    • ^sd: Selects all devices starting with sd.

    • ^sd[a-d]: Selects devices starting with sda, sdb, sdc, and sdd (if found).

    • ^s: Selects all devices that start with s.

    • ^[^r]: Selects all devices that do not start with r

  • devicePathFilter: A regular expression for device paths (for example, /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0:1:2:3-scsi-1) that allows selection of devices to be consumed by OSDs. If individual devices or deviceFilter have been specified for a node then this filter will be ignored. For example:

    • ^/dev/sd.: Selects all devices starting with sd

    • ^/dev/disk/by-path/pci-.*: Selects all devices which are connected to PCI bus

  • devices: A list of individual device names belonging to this node to include in the storage cluster.

    • name: The name of the device (for example, sda), or full udev path (such as, /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST4000DM004-XXXX — this will not change after reboots).

    • config: Device-specific configuration settings.

  • storageClassDeviceSets: Explained in Sezione 5.1.3.8, «Storage class device sets».

5.1.3.8 Storage class device sets

The following are the settings for Storage Class Device Sets which can be configured to create OSDs that are backed by block mode PVs.

  • name: A name for the set.

  • count: The number of devices in the set.

  • resources: The CPU and RAM requests or limits for the devices (optional).

  • placement: The placement criteria for the devices (optional; default is no placement criteria).

    The syntax is the same as for Sezione 5.1.3.11, «Placement configuration settings». It supports nodeAffinity, podAffinity, podAntiAffinity and tolerations keys.

    We recommend configuring the placement such that the OSDs will be as evenly spread across nodes as possible. At a minimum, anti-affinity should be added, so at least one OSD will be placed on each available node.

    However, if there are more OSDs than nodes, this anti-affinity will not be effective. Another placement scheme to consider is adding labels to the nodes in such a way that the OSDs can be grouped on those nodes, create multiple storageClassDeviceSets, and add node affinity to each of the device sets that will place the OSDs in those sets of nodes.

  • preparePlacement: The placement criteria for the preparation of the OSD devices. Creating OSDs is a two-step process and the prepare job may require different placement than the OSD daemons. If the preparePlacement is not specified, the placement will instead be applied for consistent placement for the OSD prepare jobs and OSD deployments. The preparePlacement is only useful for portable OSDs in the device sets. OSDs that are not portable will be tied to the host where the OSD prepare job initially runs.

    • For example, provisioning may require topology spread constraints across zones, but the OSD daemons may require constraints across hosts within the zones.

  • portable: If true, the OSDs will be allowed to move between nodes during failover. This requires a storage class that supports portability (for example, aws-ebs, but not the local storage provisioner). If false, the OSDs will be assigned to a node permanently. Rook will configure Ceph’s CRUSH map to support the portability.

  • tuneDeviceClass: If true, because the OSD can be on a slow device class, Rook will adapt to that by tuning the OSD process. This will make Ceph perform better under that slow device.

  • volumeClaimTemplates: A list of PVC templates to use for provisioning the underlying storage devices.

  • schedulerName: Scheduler name for OSD pod placement (optional).

  • encrypted: whether to encrypt all the OSDs in a given storageClassDeviceSet.

5.1.3.9 Storage selection via Ceph DriveGroups

Ceph DriveGroups allow for specifying highly advanced OSD layouts. Refer to Sezione 13.4.3, «Aggiunta di OSD tramite la specifica dei DriveGroups» for both general information and detailed specification of DriveGroups with useful examples.

Importante
Importante

When managing a Rook/Ceph cluster’s OSD layouts with DriveGroups, the storage configuration is mostly ignored. storageClassDeviceSets can still be used to create OSDs on PVC, but Rook will no longer use storage configurations for creating OSDs on a node's devices. To avoid confusion, we recommend using the storage configuration or DriveGroups, but never both. Because storage and DriveGroups should not be used simultaneously, Rook only supports provisioning OSDs with DriveGroups on new Rook-Ceph clusters.

DriveGroups are defined by a name, a Ceph DriveGroups spec, and a Rook placement.

  • name: A name for the DriveGroups.

  • spec: The Ceph DriveGroups spec. Some components of the spec are treated differently in the context of Rook as noted below.

    • Rook overrides Ceph’s definition of placement in order to use Rook’s placement below.

    • Rook overrides Ceph’s service_id field to be the same as the DriveGroups name above.

  • placement: The placement criteria for nodes to provision with the DriveGroups (optional; default is no placement criteria, which matches all untainted nodes). The syntax is the same as for Sezione 5.1.3.11, «Placement configuration settings».

5.1.3.10 Annotations and labels

Annotations and Labels can be specified so that the Rook components will have those annotations or labels added to them.

You can set annotations and labels for Rook components for the list of key value pairs:

  • all: Set annotations / labels for all components

  • mgr: Set annotations / labels for MGRs

  • mon: Set annotations / labels for MONs

  • osd: Set annotations / labels for OSDs

  • prepareosd: Set annotations / labels for OSD Prepare Jobs

When other keys are set, all will be merged together with the specific component.

5.1.3.11 Placement configuration settings

Placement configuration for the cluster services. It includes the following keys: mgr, mon, osd, cleanup, and all. Each service will have its placement configuration generated by merging the generic configuration under all with the most specific one (which will override any attributes).

Nota
Nota

Placement of OSD pods is controlled using the Sezione 5.1.3.8, «Storage class device sets», not the general placement configuration.

A placement configuration is specified (according to the Kubernetes PodSpec) as:

  • nodeAffinity

  • podAffinity

  • podAntiAffinity

  • tolerations

  • topologySpreadConstraints

If you use labelSelector for OSD pods, you must write two rules both for rook-ceph-osd and rook-ceph-osd-prepare.

The Rook Ceph operator creates a job called rook-ceph-detect-version to detect the full Ceph version used by the given cephVersion.image. The placement from the MON section is used for the job except for the PodAntiAffinity field.

5.1.3.12 Cluster-wide resources configuration settings

Resources should be specified so that the Rook components are handled after Kubernetes Pod Quality of Service classes. This allows to keep Rook components running when for example a node runs out of memory and the Rook components are not killed depending on their Quality of Service class.

You can set resource requests/limits for Rook components through the Sezione 5.1.3.13, «Resource requirements and limits» structure in the following keys:

  • mgr: Set resource requests/limits for MGRs.

  • mon: Set resource requests/limits for MONs.

  • osd: Set resource requests/limits for OSDs.

  • prepareosd: Set resource requests/limits for OSD prepare job.

  • crashcollector: Set resource requests and limits for crash. This pod runs wherever there is a Ceph pod running. It scrapes for Ceph daemon core dumps and sends them to the Ceph manager crash module so that core dumps are centralized and can be easily listed/accessed.

  • cleanup: Set resource requests and limits for cleanup job, responsible for wiping cluster’s data after uninstall.

In order to provide the best possible experience running Ceph in containers, Rook internally recommends minimum memory limits if resource limits are passed. If a user configures a limit or request value that is too low, Rook will still run the pod(s) and print a warning to the operator log.

  • mon: 1024 MB

  • mgr: 512 MB

  • osd: 2048 MB

  • mds: 4096 MB

  • prepareosd: 50 MB

  • crashcollector: 60MB

5.1.3.13 Resource requirements and limits

  • requests: Requests for CPU or memory.

    • cpu: Request for CPU (example: one CPU core 1, 50% of one CPU core 500m).

    • memory: Limit for Memory (example: one gigabyte of memory 1Gi, half a gigabyte of memory 512Mi).

  • limits: Limits for CPU or memory.

    • cpu: Limit for CPU (example: one CPU core 1, 50% of one CPU core 500m).

    • memory: Limit for Memory (example: one gigabyte of memory 1Gi, half a gigabyte of memory 512Mi).

5.1.3.14 Priority class names configuration settings

Priority class names can be specified so that the Rook components will have those priority class names added to them.

You can set priority class names for Rook components for the list of key value pairs:

  • all: Set priority class names for MGRs, MONs, OSDs.

  • mgr: Set priority class names for MGRs.

  • mon: Set priority class names for MONs.

  • osd: Set priority class names for OSDs.

The specific component keys will act as overrides to all.

5.1.3.15 Health settings

Rook-Ceph will monitor the state of the CephCluster on various components by default. The following CRD settings are available:

  • healthCheck: main Ceph cluster health monitoring section

Currently three health checks are implemented:

  • mon: health check on the Ceph monitors. Basic check as to whether monitors are members of the quorum. If after a certain timeout a given monitor has not rejoined the quorum, it will be failed over and replaced by a new monitor.

  • osd: health check on the Ceph OSDs.

  • status: Ceph health status check; periodically checks the Ceph health state, and reflects it in the CephCluster CR status field.

The liveness probe of each daemon can also be controlled via livenessProbe. The setting is valid for mon, mgr and osd. Here is a complete example for both daemonHealth and livenessProbe:

healthCheck:
  daemonHealth:
    mon:
      disabled: false
      interval: 45s
      timeout: 600s
    osd:
      disabled: false
      interval: 60s
    status:
      disabled: false
  livenessProbe:
    mon:
      disabled: false
    mgr:
      disabled: false
    osd:
      disabled: false

You can change the mgr probe by applying the following:

healthCheck:
  livenessProbe:
    mgr:
      disabled: false
      probe:
        httpGet:
          path: /
          port: 9283
        initialDelaySeconds: 3
        periodSeconds: 3

Changing the liveness probe is an advanced operation and should rarely be necessary. If you want to change these settings, start with the probe specification that Rook generates by default and then modify the desired settings.

5.1.4 Samples

Here are several samples for configuring Ceph clusters. Each of the samples must also include the namespace and corresponding access granted for management by the Ceph operator. See the common cluster resources below.

5.1.4.1 Storage configuration: All devices

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: true
  dashboard:
    enabled: true
  # cluster level storage configuration and selection
  storage:
    useAllNodes: true
    useAllDevices: true
    deviceFilter:
    config:
      metadataDevice:
      databaseSizeMB: "1024" # this value can be removed for environments with normal sized disks (100 GB or larger)
      journalSizeMB: "1024"  # this value can be removed for environments with normal sized disks (20 GB or larger)
      osdsPerDevice: "1"

5.1.4.2 Storage configuration: Specific devices

Individual nodes and their configurations can be specified so that only the named nodes below will be used as storage resources. Each node’s «name» field should match their «kubernetes.io/hostname» label.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: true
  dashboard:
    enabled: true
  # cluster level storage configuration and selection
  storage:
    useAllNodes: false
    useAllDevices: false
    deviceFilter:
    config:
      metadataDevice:
      databaseSizeMB: "1024" # this value can be removed for environments with normal sized disks (100 GB or larger)
    nodes:
    - name: "172.17.4.201"
      devices:             # specific devices to use for storage can be specified for each node
      - name: "sdb" # Whole storage device
      - name: "sdc1" # One specific partition. Should not have a file system on it.
      - name: "/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST4000DM004-XXXX" # both device name and explicit udev links are supported
      config:         # configuration can be specified at the node level which overrides the cluster level config
        storeType: bluestore
    - name: "172.17.4.301"
      deviceFilter: "^sd."

5.1.4.3 Node affinity

To control where various services will be scheduled by Kubernetes, use the placement configuration sections below. The example under «all» would have all services scheduled on Kubernetes nodes labeled with «role=storage-node» and tolerate taints with a key of «storage-node».

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: true
  # enable the Ceph dashboard for viewing cluster status
  dashboard:
    enabled: true
  placement:
    all:
      nodeAffinity:
        requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          nodeSelectorTerms:
          - matchExpressions:
            - key: role
              operator: In
              values:
              - storage-node
      tolerations:
      - key: storage-node
        operator: Exists
    mgr:
      nodeAffinity:
      tolerations:
    mon:
      nodeAffinity:
      tolerations:
    osd:
      nodeAffinity:
      tolerations:

5.1.4.4 Resource requests and limits

To control how many resources the Rook components can request/use, you can set requests and limits in Kubernetes for them. You can override these requests and limits for OSDs per node when using useAllNodes: false in the node item in the nodes list.

Avvertimento
Avvertimento

Before setting resource requests/limits, review the Ceph documentation for hardware recommendations for each component.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: true
  # enable the Ceph dashboard for viewing cluster status
  dashboard:
    enabled: true
  # cluster level resource requests/limits configuration
  resources:
  storage:
    useAllNodes: false
    nodes:
    - name: "172.17.4.201"
      resources:
        limits:
          cpu: "2"
          memory: "4096Mi"
        requests:
          cpu: "2"
          memory: "4096Mi"

5.1.4.5 OSD topology

The topology of the cluster is important in production environments where you want your data spread across failure domains. The topology can be controlled by adding labels to the nodes. When the labels are found on a node at first OSD deployment, Rook will add them to the desired level in the CRUSH map.

The complete list of labels in hierarchy order from highest to lowest is:

topology.kubernetes.io/region
topology.kubernetes.io/zone
topology.rook.io/datacenter
topology.rook.io/room
topology.rook.io/pod
topology.rook.io/pdu
topology.rook.io/row
topology.rook.io/rack
topology.rook.io/chassis

For example, if the following labels were added to a node:

kubectl label node mynode topology.kubernetes.io/zone=zone1
kubectl label node mynode topology.rook.io/rack=rack1
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For versions previous to K8s 1.17, use the topology key: failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone or region.

These labels would result in the following hierarchy for OSDs on that node (this command can be run in the Rook toolbox):

[root@mynode /]# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT  TYPE NAME                 STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
-1       0.01358 root default
-5       0.01358     zone zone1
-4       0.01358         rack rack1
-3       0.01358             host mynode
 0   hdd 0.00679                 osd.0         up  1.00000 1.00000
 1   hdd 0.00679                 osd.1         up  1.00000 1.00000

Ceph requires unique names at every level in the hierarchy (CRUSH map). For example, you cannot have two racks with the same name that are in different zones. Racks in different zones must be named uniquely.

Note that the host is added automatically to the hierarchy by Rook. The host cannot be specified with a topology label. All topology labels are optional.

Suggerimento
Suggerimento

When setting the node labels prior to CephCluster creation, these settings take immediate effect. However, applying this to an already deployed CephCluster requires removing each node from the cluster first and then re-adding it with new configuration to take effect. Do this node by node to keep your data safe! Check the result with ceph osd tree from the Capitolo 7, Toolboxes. The OSD tree should display the hierarchy for the nodes that already have been re-added.

To utilize the failureDomain based on the node labels, specify the corresponding option in the CephBlockPool.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephBlockPool
metadata:
  name: replicapool
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  failureDomain: rack  # this matches the topology labels on nodes
  replicated:
    size: 3

This configuration will split the replication of volumes across unique racks in the data center setup.

5.1.4.6 Using PVC storage for monitors

In the CRD specification below three monitors are created each using a 10Gi PVC created by Rook using the local-storage storage class.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: false
    volumeClaimTemplate:
      spec:
        storageClassName: local-storage
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 10Gi
  dashboard:
    enabled: true
  storage:
    useAllNodes: true
    useAllDevices: true
    deviceFilter:
    config:
      metadataDevice:
      databaseSizeMB: "1024" # this value can be removed for environments with normal sized disks (100 GB or larger)
      journalSizeMB: "1024"  # this value can be removed for environments with normal sized disks (20 GB or larger)
      osdsPerDevice: "1"

5.1.4.7 Using StorageClassDeviceSets

In the CRD specification below, three OSDs (having specific placement and resource values) and three MONs with each using a 10Gi PVC, are created by Rook using the local-storage storage class.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: false
    volumeClaimTemplate:
      spec:
        storageClassName: local-storage
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 10Gi
  cephVersion:
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4
    allowUnsupported: false
  dashboard:
    enabled: true
  network:
    hostNetwork: false
  storage:
    storageClassDeviceSets:
    - name: set1
      count: 3
      portable: false
      tuneDeviceClass: false
      resources:
        limits:
          cpu: "500m"
          memory: "4Gi"
        requests:
          cpu: "500m"
          memory: "4Gi"
      placement:
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchExpressions:
                - key: "rook.io/cluster"
                  operator: In
                  values:
                    - cluster1
                topologyKey: "topology.kubernetes.io/zone"
      volumeClaimTemplates:
      - metadata:
          name: data
        spec:
          resources:
            requests:
              storage: 10Gi
          storageClassName: local-storage
          volumeMode: Block
          accessModes:
            - ReadWriteOnce

5.1.4.8 Dedicated metadata and WAL device for OSD on PVC

In the simplest case, Ceph OSD BlueStore consumes a single (primary) storage device. BlueStore is the engine used by the OSD to store data.

The storage device is normally used as a whole, occupying the full device that is managed directly by BlueStore. It is also possible to deploy BlueStore across additional devices such as a DB device. This device can be used for storing BlueStore’s internal metadata. BlueStore (or rather, the embedded RocksDB) will put as much metadata as it can on the DB device to improve performance. If the DB device fills up, metadata will spill back onto the primary device (where it would have been otherwise). Again, it is only helpful to provision a DB device if it is faster than the primary device.

You can have multiple volumeClaimTemplates where each might either represent a device or a metadata device. So just taking the storage section this will give something like:

  storage:
   storageClassDeviceSets:
    - name: set1
      count: 3
      portable: false
      tuneDeviceClass: false
      volumeClaimTemplates:
      - metadata:
          name: data
        spec:
          resources:
            requests:
              storage: 10Gi
          # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, gp2)
          storageClassName: gp2
          volumeMode: Block
          accessModes:
            - ReadWriteOnce
      - metadata:
          name: metadata
        spec:
          resources:
            requests:
              # Find the right size https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/rados/configuration/bluestore-config-ref/#sizing
              storage: 5Gi
          # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, io1)
          storageClassName: io1
          volumeMode: Block
          accessModes:
            - ReadWriteOnce
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Rook only supports three naming conventions for a given template:

  • data: represents the main OSD block device, where your data is being stored.

  • metadata: represents the metadata (including block.db and block.wal) device used to store the Ceph Bluestore database for an OSD.

  • «wal»: represents the block.wal device used to store the Ceph BlueStore database for an OSD. If this device is set, «metadata» device will refer specifically to the block.db device. It is recommended to use a faster storage class for the metadata or wal device, with a slower device for the data. Otherwise, having a separate metadata device will not improve the performance.

The BlueStore partition has the following reference combinations supported by the ceph-volume utility:

  • A single «data» device.

      storage:
        storageClassDeviceSets:
        - name: set1
          count: 3
          portable: false
          tuneDeviceClass: false
          volumeClaimTemplates:
          - metadata:
              name: data
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  storage: 10Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, gp2)
              storageClassName: gp2
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce
  • A data device and a metadata device.

      storage:
        storageClassDeviceSets:
        - name: set1
          count: 3
          portable: false
          tuneDeviceClass: false
          volumeClaimTemplates:
          - metadata:
              name: data
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  storage: 10Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, gp2)
              storageClassName: gp2
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce
          - metadata:
              name: metadata
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  # Find the right size https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/rados/configuration/bluestore-config-ref/#sizing
                  storage: 5Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, io1)
              storageClassName: io1
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce
  • A data device and a WAL device. A WAL device can be used for BlueStore’s internal journal or write-ahead log (block.wal). It is only useful to use a WAL device if the device is faster than the primary device (the data device). There is no separate metadata device in this case; the data of main OSD block and block.db are located in data device.

      storage:
        storageClassDeviceSets:
        - name: set1
          count: 3
          portable: false
          tuneDeviceClass: false
          volumeClaimTemplates:
          - metadata:
              name: data
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  storage: 10Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, gp2)
              storageClassName: gp2
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce
          - metadata:
              name: wal
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  # Find the right size https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/rados/configuration/bluestore-config-ref/#sizing
                  storage: 5Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, io1)
              storageClassName: io1
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce
  • A data device, a metadata device and a wal device.

      storage:
        storageClassDeviceSets:
        - name: set1
          count: 3
          portable: false
          tuneDeviceClass: false
          volumeClaimTemplates:
          - metadata:
              name: data
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  storage: 10Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, gp2)
              storageClassName: gp2
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce
          - metadata:
              name: metadata
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  # Find the right size https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/rados/configuration/bluestore-config-ref/#sizing
                  storage: 5Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, io1)
              storageClassName: io1
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce
          - metadata:
              name: wal
            spec:
              resources:
                requests:
                  # Find the right size https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/rados/configuration/bluestore-config-ref/#sizing
                  storage: 5Gi
              # IMPORTANT: Change the storage class depending on your environment (e.g. local-storage, io1)
              storageClassName: io1
              volumeMode: Block
              accessModes:
                - ReadWriteOnce

With the present configuration, each OSD will have its main block allocated a 10 GB device as well a 5 GB device to act as a BlueStore database.

5.1.4.9 External cluster

The minimum supported Ceph version for the External Cluster is Luminous 12.2.x.

The features available from the external cluster will vary depending on the version of Ceph. The following table shows the minimum version of Ceph for some of the features:

FEATURECEPH VERSION
Dynamic provisioning RBD12.2.X
Configure extra CRDs (object, file, NFS)[a] 13.2.3
Dynamic provisioning CephFS14.2.3

[a] Configure an object store, shared file system, or NFS resources in the local cluster to connect to the external Ceph cluster

5.1.4.9.1 Prerequisites

In order to configure an external Ceph cluster with Rook, we need to inject some information in order to connect to that cluster. You can use the cluster/examples/kubernetes/ceph/import-external-cluster.sh script to achieve that. The script will look for the following populated environment variables:

  • NAMESPACE: the namespace where the configmap and secrets should be injected

  • ROOK_EXTERNAL_FSID: the FSID of the external Ceph cluster. This can be retrieved via the ceph fsid command.

  • ROOK_EXTERNAL_CEPH_MON_DATA: this is a comma- separated list of running monitors' IP addresses along with their ports. For example, a=172.17.0.4:6789,b=172.17.0.5:6789,c=172.17.0.6:6789. You do not need to specify all the monitors; you can simply pass one, and the operator will discover the rest. The name of the monitor is the name that appears in the ceph status output.

Now, we need to give Rook a key to connect to the cluster in order to perform various operations, such as cluster health checks, CSI keys management, etc. We recommend generating keys with minimal access, so the admin key does not need to be used by the external cluster. In this case, the admin key is only needed to generate the keys that will be used by the external cluster. If the admin key is to be used by the external cluster, however, set the following variable:

  • ROOK_EXTERNAL_ADMIN_SECRET: OPTIONAL: the external Ceph cluster admin secret key. This can be retrieved via the ceph auth get-key client.admin command.

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Nota

WARNING: If you plan to create CRs (pool, rgw, mds, nfs) in the external cluster, you MUST inject the client.admin keyring as well as injecting cluster-external-management.yaml

Example:

export NAMESPACE=rook-ceph-external
export ROOK_EXTERNAL_FSID=3240b4aa-ddbc-42ee-98ba-4ea7b2a61514
export ROOK_EXTERNAL_CEPH_MON_DATA=a=172.17.0.4:6789
export ROOK_EXTERNAL_ADMIN_SECRET=AQC6Ylxdja+NDBAAB7qy9MEAr4VLLq4dCIvxtg==

If the Ceph admin key is not provided, the following script needs to be executed on a machine that can connect to the Ceph cluster using the Ceph admin key. On that machine, run cluster/examples/kubernetes/ceph/create-external-cluster-resources.sh. The script will automatically create users and keys with the lowest possible privileges and populate the necessary environment variables for cluster/examples/kubernetes/ceph/import-external-cluster.sh to work correctly.

Finally, execute the script like this from a machine that has access to your Kubernetes cluster:

bash cluster/examples/kubernetes/ceph/import-external-cluster.sh
5.1.4.9.2 CephCluster example (consumer)

Assuming the above section has successfully completed, here is a CR example:

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph-external
  namespace: rook-ceph-external
spec:
  external:
    enable: true
  crashCollector:
    disable: true
  # optionally, the ceph-mgr IP address can be pass to gather metric from the prometheus exporter
  #monitoring:
    #enabled: true
    #rulesNamespace: rook-ceph
    #externalMgrEndpoints:
      #- ip: 192.168.39.182

Choose the namespace carefully; if you have an existing cluster managed by Rook, you have likely already injected common.yaml. Additionally, you need to inject common-external.yaml too.

You can now create it like this:

kubectl create -f cluster/examples/kubernetes/ceph/cluster-external.yaml

If the previous section has not been completed, the Rook Operator will still acknowledge the CR creation but will wait forever to receive connection information.

Avvertimento
Avvertimento

If no cluster is managed by the current Rook Operator, you need to inject common.yaml, then modify cluster-external.yaml and specify rook-ceph as namespace.

If this is successful, you will see the CephCluster status as connected.

kubectl get CephCluster -n rook-ceph-external
NAME                 DATADIRHOSTPATH   MONCOUNT   AGE    STATE       HEALTH
rook-ceph-external   /var/lib/rook                162m   Connected   HEALTH_OK

Before you create a StorageClass with this cluster you will need to create a pool in your external Ceph Cluster.

5.1.4.9.3 Example StorageClass based on external Ceph pool

In the cluster, list the pools available:

rados df
POOL_NAME     USED OBJECTS CLONES COPIES MISSING_ON_PRIMARY UNFOUND DEGRADED RD_OPS  RD WR_OPS  WR USED COMPR UNDER COMPR
replicated_2g  0 B       0      0      0                  0       0        0      0 0 B      0 0 B        0 B         0 B

Here is an example StorageClass configuration that uses the replicated_2g pool from the external cluster:

cat << EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
   name: rook-ceph-block-ext
# Change "rook-ceph" provisioner prefix to match the operator namespace if needed
provisioner: rook-ceph.rbd.csi.ceph.com
parameters:
    # clusterID is the namespace where the rook cluster is running
    clusterID: rook-ceph-external
    # Ceph pool into which the RBD image shall be created
    pool: replicated_2g

    # RBD image format. Defaults to "2".
    imageFormat: "2"

    # RBD image features. Available for imageFormat: "2". CSI RBD currently supports only `layering` feature.
    imageFeatures: layering

    # The secrets contain Ceph admin credentials.
    csi.storage.k8s.io/provisioner-secret-name: rook-csi-rbd-provisioner
    csi.storage.k8s.io/provisioner-secret-namespace: rook-ceph-external
    csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-expand-secret-name: rook-csi-rbd-provisioner
    csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-expand-secret-namespace: rook-ceph-external
    csi.storage.k8s.io/node-stage-secret-name: rook-csi-rbd-node
    csi.storage.k8s.io/node-stage-secret-namespace: rook-ceph-external

    # Specify the filesystem type of the volume. If not specified, csi-provisioner
    # will set default as `ext4`. Note that `xfs` is not recommended due to potential deadlock
    # in hyperconverged settings where the volume is mounted on the same node as the osds.
    csi.storage.k8s.io/fstype: ext4

# Delete the rbd volume when a PVC is deleted
reclaimPolicy: Delete
allowVolumeExpansion: true
EOF

You can now create a persistent volume based on this StorageClass.

5.1.4.9.4 CephCluster example (management)

The following CephCluster CR represents a cluster that will perform management tasks on the external cluster. It will not only act as a consumer, but will also allow the deployment of other CRDs such as CephFilesystem or CephObjectStore. As mentioned above, you would need to inject the admin keyring for that.

The corresponding YAML example:

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph-external
  namespace: rook-ceph-external
spec:
  external:
    enable: true
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  cephVersion:
    image: ceph/ceph:v15.2.4 # Should match external cluster version

5.1.4.10 Cleanup policy

Rook has the ability to cleanup resources and data that were deployed when a delete cephcluster command is issued. The policy represents the confirmation that cluster data should be forcibly deleted. The cleanupPolicy should only be added to the cluster when the cluster is about to be deleted. After the confirmation field of the cleanup policy is set, Rook will stop configuring the cluster as if the cluster is about to be destroyed in order to prevent these settings from being deployed unintentionally. The cleanupPolicy CR settings has different fields:

  • confirmation: Only an empty string and yes-really-destroy-data are valid values for this field. If an empty string is set, Rook will only remove Ceph’s metadata. A re-installation will not be possible unless the hosts are cleaned first. If yes-really-destroy-data the operator will automatically delete data on the hostpath of cluster nodes and clean devices with OSDs. The cluster can then be re-installed if desired with no further steps.

  • sanitizeDisks: sanitizeDisks represents advanced settings that can be used to sanitize drives. This field only affects if confirmation is set to yes-really-destroy-data. However, the administrator might want to sanitize the drives in more depth with the following flags:

    • method: indicates whether the entire disk should be sanitized or Ceph metadata only. Possible choices are «quick» (default) or «complete».

    • dataSource: indicate where to get random bytes from to write on the disk. Possible choices are «zero» (default) or «random». Using random sources will consume entropy from the system and will take much more time then the zero source.

    • iteration: overwrite N times instead of the default (1). Takes an integer value.

  • allowUninstallWithVolumes: If set to true, then the cephCluster deletion does not wait for the PVCs to be deleted. Default is false.

To automate activation of the cleanup, you can use the following command:

Avvertimento
Avvertimento

Data will be permanently deleted.

kubectl -n rook-ceph patch cephcluster rook-ceph --type merge \
 -p '{"spec":{"cleanupPolicy":{"confirmation":"yes-really-destroy-data"}}}'

Nothing will happen until the deletion of the CR is requested, so this can still be reverted. However, all new configuration by the operator will be blocked with this cleanup policy enabled.

Rook waits for the deletion of PVs provisioned using the CephCluster before proceeding to delete the CephCluster. To force deletion of the CephCluster without waiting for the PVs to be deleted, you can set the allowUninstallWithVolumes to true under spec.CleanupPolicy.

5.2 Ceph block pool CRD

Rook allows creation and customization of storage pools through the custom resource definitions (CRDs). The following settings are available for pools.

5.2.1 Samples

5.2.1.1 Replicated

For optimal performance, while also adding redundancy, this sample will configure Ceph to make three full copies of the data on multiple nodes.

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This sample requires at least one OSD per node, with each OSD located on three different nodes.

Each OSD must be located on a different node, because the failureDomain is set to host and the replicated.size is set to three.

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephBlockPool
metadata:
  name: replicapool
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  failureDomain: host
  replicated:
    size: 3
  deviceClass: hdd

5.2.1.2 Erasure coded

This sample will lower the overall storage capacity requirement, while also adding redundancy by using Sezione 5.2.2.4, «Erasure coding».

Nota
Nota

This sample requires at least three BlueStore OSDs.

The OSDs can be located on a single Ceph node or spread across multiple nodes, because the failureDomain is set to osd and the erasureCoded chunk settings require at least three different OSDs (two dataChunks + one codingChunks).

apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephBlockPool
metadata:
  name: ecpool
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  failureDomain: osd
  erasureCoded:
    dataChunks: 2
    codingChunks: 1
  deviceClass: hdd

High performance applications typically will not use erasure coding due to the performance overhead of creating and distributing the chunks in the cluster.

When creating an erasure-coded pool, we recommend creating the pool when you have BlueStore OSDs in your cluster.

5.2.2 Pool settings

5.2.2.1 Metadata

  • name: The name of the pool to create.

  • namespace: The namespace of the Rook cluster where the pool is created.

5.2.2.2 Specification

  • replicated: Settings for a replicated pool. If specified, erasureCoded settings must not be specified.

    • size: The desired number of copies to make of the data in the pool.

    • requireSafeReplicaSize: set to false if you want to create a pool with size one, setting pool size one could lead to data loss without recovery.

  • erasureCoded: Settings for an erasure-coded pool. If specified, replicated settings must not be specified. See below for more details on Sezione 5.2.2.4, «Erasure coding».

    • dataChunks: Number of chunks to divide the original object into

    • codingChunks: Number of coding chunks to generate

  • failureDomain: The failure domain across which the data will be spread. This can be set to a value of either osd or host, with host being the default setting. A failure domain can also be set to a different type (for example, rack), if it is added as a location Storage Selection Settings. If a replicated pool of size three is configured and the failureDomain is set to host, all three copies of the replicated data will be placed on OSDs located on three different Ceph hosts. This case is guaranteed to tolerate a failure of two hosts without a loss of data. Similarly, a failure domain set to osd, can tolerate a loss of two OSD devices.

    If erasure coding is used, the data and coding chunks are spread across the configured failure domain.

    Nota
    Nota

    Neither Rook, nor Ceph, prevent the creation of a cluster where the replicated data (or erasure coded chunks) can be written safely. By design, Ceph will delay checking for suitable OSDs until a write request is made and this write can hang if there are not sufficient OSDs to satisfy the request.

  • deviceClass: Sets up the CRUSH rule for the pool to distribute data only on the specified device class. If left empty or unspecified, the pool will use the cluster’s default CRUSH root, which usually distributes data over all OSDs, regardless of their class.

  • crushRoot: The root in the crush map to be used by the pool. If left empty or unspecified, the default root will be used. Creating a crush hierarchy for the OSDs currently requires the Rook toolbox to run the Ceph tools.

  • enableRBDStats: Enables collecting RBD per-image IO statistics by enabling dynamic OSD performance counters. Defaults to false.

  • parameters: Sets any parameters listed to the given pool

    • target_size_ratio: gives a hint (%) to Ceph in terms of expected consumption of the total cluster capacity of a given pool.

    • compression_mode: Sets up the pool for inline compression when using a BlueStore OSD. If left unspecified does not setup any compression mode for the pool. Values supported are the same as BlueStore inline compression modes, such as none, passive,aggressive, and force.

5.2.2.3 Add specific pool properties

With poolProperties you can set any pool property:

spec:
  parameters:
    <name of the parameter>: <parameter value>

For example:

spec:
  parameters:
    min_size: 1

5.2.2.4 Erasure coding

Erasure coding allows you to keep your data safe while reducing the storage overhead. Instead of creating multiple replicas of the data, erasure coding divides the original data into chunks of equal size, then generates extra chunks of that same size for redundancy.

For example, if you have an object of size 2 MB, the simplest erasure coding with two data chunks would divide the object into two chunks of size 1 MB each (data chunks). One more chunk (coding chunk) of size 1 MB will be generated. In total, 3 MB will be stored in the cluster. The object will be able to suffer the loss of any one of the chunks and still be able to reconstruct the original object.

The number of data and coding chunks you choose will depend on your resiliency to loss and how much storage overhead is acceptable in your storage cluster. Here are some examples to illustrate how the number of chunks affects the storage and loss toleration.

Data chunks (k) Coding chunks (m) Total storage Losses Tolerated OSDs required
2 1 1.5x 1 3
2 2 2x 2 4
4 2 1.5x 2 6
16 4 1.25x 4 20

The failureDomain must be also be taken into account when determining the number of chunks. The failure domain determines the level in the Ceph CRUSH hierarchy where the chunks must be uniquely distributed. This decision will impact whether node losses or disk losses are tolerated. There could also be performance differences of placing the data across nodes or OSDs.

  • host: All chunks will be placed on unique hosts

  • osd: All chunks will be placed on unique OSDs

If you do not have a sufficient number of hosts or OSDs for unique placement the pool can be created, writing to the pool will hang.

Rook currently only configures two levels in the CRUSH map. It is also possible to configure other levels such as rack with by adding topology labels to the nodes.

5.3 Ceph shared file system CRD

Rook allows creation and customization of shared file systems through the custom resource definitions (CRDs). The following settings are available for Ceph file systems.

5.3.1 Samples

5.3.1.1 Replicated

Nota
Nota

This sample requires at least one OSD per node, with each OSD located on three different nodes.

Each OSD must be located on a different node, because both of the defined pools set the failureDomain to host and the replicated.size to three.

The failureDomain can also be set to another location type (for example, rack), if it has been added as a location in the Storage Selection Settings.

  apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
  kind: CephFilesystem
  metadata:
    name: myfs
    namespace: rook-ceph
  spec:
    metadataPool:
      failureDomain: host
      replicated:
        size: 3
    dataPools:
      - failureDomain: host
        replicated:
          size: 3
    preservePoolsOnDelete: true
    metadataServer:
      activeCount: 1
      activeStandby: true
      # A key/value list of annotations
      annotations:
      #  key: value
      placement:
      #  nodeAffinity:
      #    requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
      #      nodeSelectorTerms:
      #      - matchExpressions:
      #        - key: role
      #          operator: In
      #          values:
      #          - mds-node
      #  tolerations:
      #  - key: mds-node
      #    operator: Exists
      #  podAffinity:
      #  podAntiAffinity:
      #  topologySpreadConstraints:
      resources:
      #  limits:
      #    cpu: "500m"
      #    memory: "1024Mi"
      #  requests:
      #    cpu: "500m"
      #    memory: "1024Mi"

These definitions can be found in the filesystem.yaml file.

5.3.1.2 Erasure coded

Erasure coded pools require the OSDs to use BlueStore for the configured storeType. Additionally, erasure coded pools can only be used with dataPools. The metadataPool must use a replicated pool.

Nota
Nota

This sample requires at least three BlueStore OSDs, with each OSD located on a different node.

The OSDs must be located on different nodes, because the failureDomain will be set to host by default, and the erasureCoded chunk settings require at least three different OSDs (two dataChunks + one codingChunks).

  apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
  kind: CephFilesystem
  metadata:
    name: myfs-ec
    namespace: rook-ceph
  spec:
    metadataPool:
      replicated:
        size: 3
    dataPools:
      - erasureCoded:
          dataChunks: 2
          codingChunks: 1
    metadataServer:
      activeCount: 1
      activeStandby: true

These definitions can also be found in the filesystem-ec.yaml file.

5.3.2 File system settings

5.3.2.1 Metadata

  • name: The name of the file system to create, which will be reflected in the pool and other resource names.

  • namespace: The namespace of the Rook cluster where the file system is created.

5.3.2.2 Pools

The pools allow all of the settings defined in the Pool CRD spec. In the example above, there must be at least three hosts (size three) and at least eight devices (six data + two coding chunks) in the cluster.

  • metadataPool: The settings used to create the filesystem metadata pool. Must use replication.

  • dataPools: The settings to create the file system data pools. If multiple pools are specified, Rook will add the pools to the file system. The data pools can use replication or erasure coding. If erasure coding pools are specified, the cluster must be running with BlueStore enabled on the OSDs.

  • preservePoolsOnDelete: If it is set to true the pools used to support the file system will remain when the file system will be deleted. This is a security measure to avoid accidental loss of data. It is set to false by default. If not specified is also deemed as false.

5.3.3 Metadata server settings

The metadata server settings correspond to the MDS daemon settings.

  • activeCount: The number of active MDS instances. As load increases, CephFS will automatically partition the file system across the MDS instances. Rook will create double the number of MDS instances as requested by the active count. The extra instances will be in standby mode for failover.

  • activeStandby: If true, the extra MDS instances will be in active standby mode and will keep a warm cache of the file system metadata for faster failover. The instances will be assigned by CephFS in failover pairs. If false, the extra MDS instances will all be on passive standby mode and will not maintain a warm cache of the metadata.

  • annotations: Key value pair list of annotations to add.

  • labels: Key value pair list of labels to add.

  • placement: The mds pods can be given standard Kubernetes placement restrictions with nodeAffinity, tolerations, podAffinity, and podAntiAffinity similar to placement defined for daemons configured by the cluster CRD.

  • resources: Set resource requests and limits for the Filesystem MDS Pod(s).

  • priorityClassName: Set priority class name for the File system MDS Pod(s)