D Running Cluster Reports Without root Access #

1. Start a shell and create a user hareport with a home directory /home/hareport :

   # useradd -m -d /home/hareport -c "HA Report" hareport

2. Set a password for the user:

   # passwd hareport

3. When prompted, enter and re-enter a password for the user.

By default, the SSH daemon and the SSH client talk and listen on port 22. If your network security guidelines require the default SSH port to be changed to an alternate high numbered port, you need to modify the daemon's configuration file /etc/ssh/sshd_config.

1. To modify the default port, search the file for the Port line, uncomment it and edit it according to your wishes. For example, set it to:

   Port 5022

2. If your organization does not permit the root user to access other servers, search the file for the PermitRootLogin entry, uncomment it and set it to no:

   PermitRootLogin no

3. Alternatively, add the respective lines to the end of the file by executing the following commands:

   # echo “PermitRootLogin no” >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
   # echo “Port 5022” >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

4. After modifying /etc/ssh/sshd_config, restart the SSH daemon to make the new settings take effect:

   # systemctl restart sshd

If the SSH port change is going to be made on all nodes in the cluster, it is useful to modify the SSH configuration file, /etc/ssh/sshd_config.

1. To modify the default port, search the file for the Port line, uncomment it and edit it according to your wishes. For example, set it to:

   Port 5022

2. Alternatively, add the respective line to the end of the file by executing the following commands:

   # echo “Port 5022” >> /etc/ssh/ssh_config

You can access other servers using SSH and not be asked for a password. While this may appear insecure at first sight, it is actually a very secure access method since the users can only access servers that their public key has been shared with. The shared key must be created as the user that will use the key.

1. Log in to one of the nodes with the user account that you have created for running cluster reports (in our example above, the user account was hareport).

2. Generate a new key:

   hareport > ssh-keygen –t rsa

   This command will generate a 2048 bit key by default. The default location for the key is ~/.ssh/. You are asked to set a passphrase on the key. However, do not enter a passphrase because for passwordless login there must not be a passphrase on the key.

3. After the keys have been generated, copy the public key to each of the other nodes (including the node where you created the key):

   hareport > ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub HOSTNAME_OR_IP

   In the command, you can either use the DNS name for each server, an alias, or the IP address. During the copy process you will be asked to accept the host key for each node, and you will need to provide the password for the hareport user account (this will be the only time you need to enter it).

4. After the key is shared to all cluster nodes, test if you can log in as user hareport to the other nodes by using passwordless SSH:

   hareport > ssh HOSTNAME_OR_IP

   You should be automatically connected to the remote server without being asked to accept a certificate or enter a password.

1. Log in as root.

2. To open the /etc/sudoers file, enter visudo.

3. Look for the following categories: Host alias specification,User alias specification, Cmnd alias specification, and Runas alias specification.

4. Add the following entries to the respective categories in /etc/sudoers:

   Host_Alias	CLUSTER = alice,bob,charlie 1
   User_Alias HA = hareport 2
   Cmnd_Alias HA_ALLOWED = /bin/su, /usr/sbin/crm report *3
   Runas_Alias R = root 4

   1	The host alias defines on which server (or range of servers) the sudo user has rights to issue commands. In the host alias you can use DNS names, or IP addresses, or specify an entire network range (for example, 172.17.12.0/24). To limit the scope of access you should specify the host names for the cluster nodes only.
   2	The user alias allows you to add multiple local user accounts to a single alias. However, in this case you could avoid creating an alias since only one account is being used. In the example above, we added the hareport user which we have created for running cluster reports.
   3	The command alias defines which commands can be executed by the user. This is useful if you want to limit what the non-root user can access when using sudo. In this case the hareport user account will need access to the commands crm report and su.
   4	The runas alias specifies the account that the command will be run as. In this case root.

5. Search for the following two lines:

   Defaults targetpw
   ALL     ALL=(ALL) ALL

   As they would conflict with the setup we want to create, disable them:

   #Defaults targetpw
   #ALL     ALL=(ALL) ALL

6. Look for the User privilege specification category. After having defined the aliases above, you can now add the following rule there:

   HA	CLUSTER = (R) NOPASSWD:HA_ALLOWED

   The NOPASSWORD option ensures that the user hareport can execute the cluster report without providing a password.

7. (Optional) To allow the user hareport to run cluster reports using your local SSH keys, add the following line to the Defaults specification category. This preserves the SSH_AUTH_SOCK environment variable, which is required for SSH agent forwarding.

   Defaults!HA_ALLOWED env_keep+=SSH_AUTH_SOCK

   When you log into a node as the user hareport via ssh -A, and use sudo to run crm report, your local SSH keys are passed to the node for authentication.

1. When using a custom SSH port, use the -X with crm report to modify the client's SSH port. For example, if your custom SSH port is 5022, use the following command:

   # crm report -X "-p 5022" [...]

2. To set your custom SSH port permanently for crm report, start the interactive crm shell:

   crm options

3. Enter the following:

   crm(live)options#  set core.report_tool_options "-X -oPort=5022"